Naslov
The neurobiological aspects of exposure to childhood maltreatment

Autori
Dodaj, Arta ; Sesar, Kristina ; Šimić, Nataša

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Poglavlja u knjigama, ostalo

Knjiga
Horizons in Neuroscience Research

Urednik/ci
Costa, Andres ; Villalba, Eugenio

Izdavač
Nova Science Publishers

Grad
New York (NY)

Godina
2018

Raspon stranica
81-108

ISBN
978-1-53613-286-1

Ključne riječi
biological stress system, brain development, child maltreatment

Sažetak
Chilhood maltreatment is the most frequent form of trauma during early childhood, which may cause numerous difficulties, both in childhood and in adulthood. This chapter gives an overview of research so far into the effect of maltreatment in childhood on structural and functional changes to various parts of the nervous system. In people exposed to maltreatment in childhood numerous neurobiological changes have been found, primarily in the neuroendocrine systems activated by stress, which include the function of the autonomous nervous system, and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. The consequences of maltreatment in childhood are also evident in the prefrontal cortex region of the brain, as well as in various parts of the limbic system. Research also reports the negative effects of maltreatment on the development of the corpus callosum. The results of research so far indicate that when studying the effect of traumatic experience, such as maltreatment in childhood, the many factors involved must not be overlooked, such as the developmental period when the maltreatment occurred, the child's sex, and the severity and form of maltreatment to which the child was exposed. These factors separately, but also their interactive effects, may change the mechanism of the effects of maltreatment on neurobiological processes.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Psihologija

POVEZANOST RADA