Naslov
Velikaška obitelj Gorjanski i Hrvatsko Kraljevstvo
(The baronial family of Gorjanski (Garai) and the Croatian Kingdom)

Autori
Andrić, Stanko

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u zbornicima skupova, cjeloviti rad (in extenso), znanstveni

Izvornik
A magyar-horvát együttélés fordulópontjai: intézmények, társadalom, gazdaság, kultúra / Prekretnice u suživotu Hrvata i Mađara: Ustanove, društvo, gospodarstvo i kultura / Fodor, Pál ; Šokčević, Dinko ; Turkalj, Jasna ; Karbić, Damir - Budimpešta : MTA Bölcsészettudományi kutatóközpont Történettudományi intézet, 2015, 543-554

ISBN
978-963-416-019-9

Skup
A magyar-horvát együttélés fordulópontjai: intézmények, társadalom, gazdaság, kultúra / Prekretnice u suživotu Hrvata i Mađara: Ustanove, društvo, gospodarstvo i kultura

Mjesto i datum
Budimpešta, Mađarska, 06.02.2014. - 07.02.2014

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
obitelj Gorjanski, ban Hrvatske, Žigmund Luksemburgovac, Ladislav Napuljski, dalmatinski otoci, obitelj Frankapan, obitelj Krbavski, brakovi
(Gorjanski (Garai) family, ban of Croatia, Sigismund of Luxemburg, Ladislas of Naples, Dalmatian islands, Frankapan family, Krbavski (Korbáviai) family, marriage)

Sažetak
A branch of the old Dorozsma kindred which acquired the eponymous land of Gara (now Gorjani) in the Vukovo/Valkó county in the thirteenth century, the Gorjanski/Garai family included some of the most important figures in the political life of the late medieval Kingdom of Hungary (Hungary-Croatia). For decades the family was among the few welthiest seigneurial families in the kingdom. Although Croatia (in the medieval territorial sense) was not a primary area of activity for the family members, several of them nonetheless played significant roles in various political and other related processes which connected this land, once an independent kingdom, with the rest of the large Danubian state ruled by the heirs of the Holy Crown. In the late fourteenth century and the first half of the fifteenth, the Gorjanski took part in Croatian affairs in three ways. Some performed political functions and military missions there. Related to this, the Gorjanski held lands and other possesions in Croatia and Dalmatia. Finally, some of them were married to the members of Croatian noble families. One John Gorjanski, of the so-called ban branch of the family, was count of Luka and the royal castellan of Ostrovica in 1379. The powerful palatine Nicholas the elder, after being forced to renounce this foremost position, held the title of the Croatian and Dalmatian ban from October 1385 until his death in July of 1386. The title was given to him by queen Mary of Anjou, but it remained nominal, being never recognized by local powers and communities in Croatia, where Nicholas actually never went as a ban. That is why Nicholas the elder's title of Croatian ban was overlooked by later chroniclers as well as by most modern historians. His son Nicholas the younger was also Croatian ban, from the middle of 1394 until February of 1402. He actually performed this office, though he stayed in Croatia and Dalmatia on rare occasions, especially after in 1397 he became ban of Slavonia too. Most of his day-to-day duties were taken over by his Croatian vicebanus Paul of Svetačje (Szencse), residing in the castle of Knin. Nicholas the younger stepped down from the office when the crisis of royal power in Croatia culminated ; he failed to prevent such a development in favour of Ladislas of Naples and his allies, but his unwavering loyalty to king Sigismund enabled him to continue his career as the palatine of the kingdom. During his office of Croatian ban and for some months afterwards, Nicholas the younger was elected in turns by the communes of Rab and Split as their city count ; his brother John also performed this office in Split. Besides the castles which he held as a honor, ban Nicholas obtained in Croatia, together with his brother, some private possessions too. In 1397- 1398 king Sigismund offered to the brothers the islands of Cres and Osor (Lošinj) with royal revenues on them, and the commune of the island of Rab gave them a number of salterns and some other property in 1399. The Gorjanski considered themselves the patrons of the bishopric of Osor and in 1399 they tried to install Nicholas of Siklós, provincial of the Augustinian canons in Hungary, to the vacant episcopal chair on the island. The islands were occupied by Venice in 1409 and it was at that time, if not earlier, that the Gorjanski lost their possessions in the Adriatic. The palatine branch of the Gorjanski created a special bond with the leading supporter of king Sigismund in the north of Croatia, count Nicholas Frankapan, when in 1405 he married Dorothea Gorjanska, palatine Nicholas' sister. The mariage, Frankapan's second, lasted for about twenty years, producing most of the count's numerous progeny. The ban branch of the family established a firm alliance with another Croatian noble family which took sides with king Sigismund, the Kurjaković of Krbava (Krbavski, Korbáviai). Around the turn of the fifteenth century, one Catherine Gorjanska was married to Gregory Krbavski, count of Gračenica (Gersence) and landowner in the county of Križevci (Kőrös), whose father George assisted palatine Nicholas Gorjanski the elder in his dynastic projects in 1384-1385. The alliance of the two families was renewed by Desiderius Gorjanski, ban of Mačva in the 1420s and 1430s, whose first wife was Catherine Krbavska, daughter of John called Grof. Finally, ban Desiderius' nephew John Gorjanski was married to Helen Krbavska - a wedlock that he sought to cancel at the Holy See in 1439.

Izvorni jezik
Hrvatski

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