Naslov
Wild fruits as an ingredients for functional food

Autori
Dragović-Uzelac, Verica ; Bursać Kovačević, Danijela ; Levaj, Branka ; Pedisić, Sandra ; Zorić, Zoran ; Elez Garofulić, Ivona ; Repajić, Maja

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Book of Abstracts “Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development“-GREEN 2014 / - , 2014, 66-66

Skup
Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development-GREEN 2014

Mjesto i datum
Zagreb, Hrvatska, 26.11.2014. - 28.11.2014

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
antioxidant capacity, bioactive compounds, functional food, polyphenols, wild fruits

Sažetak
Croatia as a central Mediterranean country has favourable climatic environment for growth of various herbal kinds, and Croatian diverse flora has 5536 species and subspecies many of which are medicinal and aromatic herbs and wild fruits (cornelian cherry, blackthorn, elderberry, bilberry, pomegranate etc.). The wild fruits are particularly valuable because of composition and content of biologically active compounds (BACs) (flavonoids, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, ellagitannins, stilbenes, etc.). Additionally, they may provide numerous positive effects to the human health (risk reduction for: cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, hypertension etc.). Different analytical methods were developed for determination of BACs including total and individual polyphenols, as well antioxidant capacity (AOC), in plant material. The BACs present in fruit extracts require high resolution technique for its separation and identification. Besides spectroscopic/colorimetric methods, various fruit matrices containing mixtures of BACs have been analysed with the High Pressure Liquid Chromatography/Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with UV/Vis PDA detector, and/or with electrospray ionisation (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Antioxidant assays in the fruit extracts can be performed by various in vitro methods: (i) hydrogen atom transfer reaction based methods [oxygen radical absorbance capacity method (ORAC), lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity assay, ABTS (2, 2’– azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulphonic acid) radical scavenging method] ; (ii) single electron transfer reaction based assays methods [2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging capacity assay, Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)]. This study summarized the content of various polyphenols (flavonols, anthocyanins, ellagitanins, phenolic acids) and AOC of selected wild fruit varieties (strawberry, cornelian cherry, blackthorn, elderberry, pomegranate, and bilberry) harvested on different location in Croatia during three years. All researched fruits contain remarkable quantities of anthocyanins, and each variety contained specific fingerprint of these compounds. The most abundant anthocyanin in strawberry was pelargonidin-3-rutinoside, in cornelian cherry pelargonidin-3-galactoside, in blackthorn cyanidin-3-rutinoside, in elderberry cyanidin-3-sambubioside, in pomegranate delphinidin-3-glucoside and in bilberry delphinidin glycosides. Flavonols, quercetin and kaempferol were presented in all analysed fruits, ellagitanins and their derivatives were found only in pomegranate, whereas in blackthorn the most abundant were neochlorogenic acid and flavan-3-ols. The composition of polyphenols depend on variety, while the quantities depend on variety, growing season and stage of maturity. The high AOC was observed in all fruits, and linear correlation was observed between the AOC and polyphenol concentrations. The development of functional foods is currently one of the fastest growing segments of the food industry and wild fruits as valuable source of BACs in the production of functional foods represent significant challenge.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Prehrambena tehnologija

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