Naslov
The estimation of oxime efficiency is affected by the experimental design of phosphylated acetylcholinesterase reactivation

Autori
Maček Hrvat, Nikolina ; Zorbaz, Tamara ; Šinko, Goran ; Kovarik, Zrinka

Izvornik
Toxicology letters (0378-4274) 293 (2018); 222-228

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u časopisima, članak, znanstveni

Ključne riječi
Cholinesterase ; 2-PAM ; HI-6 ; Sarin ; Nerve agent ; Ellman assay

Sažetak
Reactivation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an essential enzyme in neurotransmission, is a key point in the treatment of acute poisoning by nerve agents and pesticides, which structurally belong to organophosphorus compounds(OP). Due to the high diversity of substituents on the phosphorous atom, there is a variety of OP-AChE conjugates deriving from AChE inhibition, and therefore not only is there no universal reactivator efficient enough for the most toxic OPs, but for some nerve agents there is still a lack of any reactivator at all. The endeavor of many chemists to find more efficient reactivators resulted in thousands of newly-designed and synthesized oximes−potential reactivators of AChE. For an evaluation of the oxime's reactivation efficiency, many research groups employ a simple spectrophotometric Ellman method. Since parameters that describe reactivator efficiency are often incomparable among laboratories, we tried to emphasize the critical steps in the determination of reactivation parameters as well as in the experimental design of a reactivation assay. We highlighted the important points in evaluation of reactivation kinetic parameters with an aim to achieve better agreement and comparability between the results obtained by different laboratories and overall, a more efficient evaluation of in vitro reactivation potency.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Kemija, Biotehnologija u biomedicini (prirodno područje, biomedicina i zdravstvo, biotehničko područje)

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