Naslov
Study of germination parameters of summer weeds: transferability of AlertInf model to Croatia

Autori
Magosso, Dario

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Ocjenski radovi, diplomski rad, diplomski

Fakultet
UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA

Mjesto
Padova

Datum
11.09

Godina
2013

Stranica
65

Mentor
Giuseppe Zanin

Neposredni voditelj
Šćepanović, Maja ; Roberta, Masin

Ključne riječi
weeds, model, barnyardgrass, redrootpigweed, lambsquater

Sažetak
There is no universal definition of “weed” that is accepted by all scientists, but in almost all the definitions and descriptions of weeds the aim is to underline the negative aspects: interference with the crops, which causes damage due to loss of yield, deterioration of the product quality, reduction in the value of the land, etc. The fight against weeds has originated and developed with agriculture and is the most critical point in crop management. Weed-crop competition is the biggest problem for the farmers and must be as lower as possible for a good management and a good remuneration for the market. The weeds most competitive are species with high photosynthetic efficiency C4. In addition, weeds present strong system of survival, such as seed dormancy, that makes seeds to be able to germinate in different moment of the seasons and in the subsequent years. Cultural weed management techniques are important as crop rotations, choice of cultivar, crops establishment, plant spacing. Mechanical weed management is very efficient and versatile in controlling weeds in a variety of cropping systems. The chemical control has been an important success in terms of the additional food production but it presents many negative problems as the environmental persistence. It is possible to improve and combine all these type of managements using models that predict weed emergence. AlertInf is one of these model, it has been developed at Padova University and it is able to predict the emergence of the main weeds in maize for the Veneto region. The information provided by AlertInf is the percentage of weeds that have already emerged on the total number of plants that can potentially emerge until the end of the season. The aim of this thesis is part of a study on the transferability of the model AlertInf from Italy to Croatia through a comparison of germination-emergence characteristics between Italian and Croatian ecotypes. In particular, the parameter estimate in this thesis is the base temperature, the temperature below which the germination process stops. The species studied are: Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album and Echinochloa crus-galli. The temperature threshold resulted not statistically different between Croatian and Italian ecotypes of Abutilon theophrasti and Chenopodium album. Differently for Echinochloa crus-galli that showed a lower base temperature in Croatia, confirmed the tendency of this species to develop ecotypes with a thermal response that is related to the climate of origin, the cooler is the climate and the lower is the base temperature of the ecotype. Unfortunately for Amaranthus retroflexus the germination data were not sufficient for the statistical analysis. The finding of this thesis are very useful to understand the transferability of the model AlertInf. Some species showed similar thresholds for different ecotypes and it means the possibility to use the base temperature estimated in a location to another without further experiments. Other species, such as Echinochloa crus-galli, require necessarily the estimation of the specific thresholds. Knowing the behavior of the species is very useful to decide correctly whether it is necessary

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Poljoprivreda (agronomija)

POVEZANOST RADA