Naslov
Otpor tla pri različitim načinima obrade
(Soil resistance under different tillage methods)

Autori
Kisić, Ivica ; Bašić, Ferdo ; Mesić, Milan ; Butorac, Anđelko

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u zbornicima skupova, cjeloviti rad (in extenso), znanstveni

Izvornik
Soil Science: Confronting New realities in the 21 Century / Irb, Kheoruenromne - Bangkok : International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS), 2002, Radovi tiskani na CD-u

Skup
17 World Congress of Soil Science

Mjesto i datum
Bangkok, Tajland, 14.08.2002. - 21.08.2002

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
otpor tla; obrada; vlaga; usjevi
(soil resistance; tillage; soil moisture; crops)

Sažetak
Increasing soil compaction has become a global problem due to the use of ever larger and heavier tractors and attachments, i.e. more intensive tillage and also tillage under unfavourable conditions. As a consequence, low or decreasing yields are obtained due to increased bulk density of the soil, which is also reflected in reduced infiltration and transmission of water into/through the soil, lower pipe drainage efficiency and crop rooting depth, higher incidence of plant diseases and reduced root efficiency. Aimed at determining the optimal tillage system for the region, five-year penetration resistance measurements, among others, were carried out on Stagnic Luvisol of the trial field "Freivogel’s Hill" near Daruvar in central Croatia. The trial included the following treatments: Standard plot, black fallow, ploughed up/down the slope ; 2. Conventional ploughing (till 25 cm) up/down the slope ; 3. No-tillage ; 4. Conventional ploughing across the slope (till 25 cm) ; 5. Very deep ploughing across the slope (50 cm) ; and 6. Subsoiling to the depth of 60 cm + conventional ploughing across the slope. Crops were sown in the following crop rotation: 1994/95 - maize, 1995/96 - soybean, 1996/97 - winter wheat, 1997/98 – oil-seed rape, and 1998/99 - spring barley + soybean. Measurements of soil resistance to penetration to the depth of tillage in four repetitions, as the principal parameter of soil compaction, were carried out continuously parallel to the plant cover growth and application of appropriate agricultural practices using the Bush Soil Recording Penetrometer. At the same time, samples were taken of the soil while in disrupted state in order to determine its moisture. The five-year investigations point to the conclusion that the soil resistance to penetration is predominantly influenced by the effective state of the plant cover development, actual soil moisture and the tillage system applied. The lowest penetration resistance results in all trial treatments were recorded in the first measurements, immediately after the application of tilling practices. In treatments involving deep practices (very deep ploughing and subsoiling) penetration resistance values were constant to the measurement depth whereas an increase was recorded in penetration resistance below the ploughing depth in treatments with conventional ploughing to the depth of 25 cm. Soil resistance to penetration recorded in the winter period was expressly low, one might say it was practically non-existent. According to the soil resistance values recorded in treatments with deeper soil tillage, as well as the achieved yields, these treatments rendered the best results in the investigations.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Poljoprivreda (agronomija)

POVEZANOST RADA