Naslov
Propranolol Pharmacology

Autori
Javor, Eugen ; Skelin, Marko

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Poglavlja u knjigama, znanstveni

Knjiga
Propranolol: Medical Uses, Mechanisms of Action and Potential Adverse Effects

Urednik/ci
Puljević, Mislav

Izdavač
Nova Science Publishers

Grad
New York (NY)

Godina
2015

Raspon stranica
1-31

ISBN
978-1-63482-974-8

Ključne riječi
Propranolol, pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics

Sažetak
The first discovered beta-blocker was pronethanol in 1962, but it was replaced with propranolol, which had a much higher potency and a safer profile. Thus, propranolol became a widely used drug in the treatment of many cardiovascular diseases. Nowadays, because of the non-selective beta-AR blockade, propranolol is not used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases as much as before. But it is still widely used in the treatment of essential tremor, thyrotoxicosis, thyrotoxic crisis, proliferating IH requiring systemic therapy. It is also used as a prophylaxis for upper gastrointestinal bleedings in patients with portal hypertension and esophageal varices. This chapter reviews the basic pharmacology of propranolol. A brief review of the autonomic nervous systems and physiological effects of catecholamines binding on alpha-AR and beta-AR are included, as an introduction to propranolol pharmacodynamics. Propranolol decreases the chronotropic, inotropic, dromotropic and bathmotropic, and lusitropic response to the beta-AR stimulation. It also increases the plasma renin activity, suppresses lipolysis, glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. It reduces the tremor of the extremities, decreases production of aqueous humor and also exerts a quinidine-like membrane action, but at dosages greater than required for the beta- blockade. The exact mechanism of the antihypertensive, antitremor and antimigraine effect of propranolol is still uncertain, however, there are several assumptions regarding mechanisms that may contribute to clinical effects. This chapter also presents the absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of propranolol, including particularities as first-pass metabolism in the liver. In addition, the review of all factors entering pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions with propranolol is included

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Temeljne medicinske znanosti, Kliničke medicinske znanosti, Farmacija

POVEZANOST RADA