Naslov
Croatian pharmacy practice in the context of transitional changes

Autori
Jakševac-Mikša, Maja ; Takač, Darko ; Jadrijević-Mladar, Milena

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, stručni

Izvornik
Book of Abstracts, Pharmacy in Central-Eastern Europe ; The pharmacists' profession in Central-Eastern Europe Countries at the beginning of 21st Century in the view of economic and political changes in last decade of the 20th Century / Umbreit, Michal H. - Varšava : Polish Pharmaceutical Society, 2000, 44-45

ISBN
83-88157-05-01

Skup
Pharmacy in Central-Eastern Europe ; The pharmacists' profession in Central-Eastern Europe Countries at the beginning of 21st Century in the view of economic and political changes in last decade of the 20th Century

Mjesto i datum
Varšava, Poljska, 23.03.2000. - 25.03.2000

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Pozvano predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
Pharmacy practice in Croatia; Community pharmacy

Sažetak
Establisment of the independent state as well as the transition of the political system and economy led to great changes in the organization and functioning of pharmacy practice. Changes in legislation (1990 and 1993) allowed for the intensive privatization process to start. Between 1991 and 1997, privatization involved opening of new pharmacies, owned by pharmacists, or chains of pharmacies that might be owned also by other physical or legal persons. The process of transformation of state-owned pharmacies started only in 1997 by leasing such pharmacies to pharmacists formerly employed in them. This process does not follow the defined dynamics and is currently retarded. Since the pharmacy network is not adequately defined, opening of new pharmacies, notably in big cities, was not properly controlled. The Ministry of Health applied solely the demographic criterion (5000 inhabitants/ 1 pharmacy) to estimate whether opening a new pharmacy was justified. The number of community pharmacies has almost doubled since 1990 and 749 pharmacies (61% privately owned) are currently operative. On average, a pharmacy employs 2 pharmacists while the annual turnover amounts to about 0.6 million. Drugs account for about 80% of pharmacy turnover while the annual per capita drug consumption is currently ca. 90. Most pharmacy activities (about 62%) involve dispensing prescription drugs to the national health insurance users. In 1994, the national health insurance introduced a point-system, rather than margin, for reimbursing pharmacy services. The current value per one prescription is 0.75 (7%-8% margin). The margin for OTC drugs ranges between 30% and 35%, while the margin for overall turnover of a pharmacy amounts to 15%-18%. Insolvency and delayed reimbursement by the national health insurance, along with the economic difficulties in Croatia in the last two years, threaten pharmacy practice. This has also retarded the introduction of new trends such as pharmaceutical care into pharmacy practice and has also put to test the ethical principles of the profession. Stabilization of economy, health reforms and further democratization, as well as amendments to pharmacy legislation, will more rapidly bring Croatian pharmacy practice closer to the model and standards of pharmacy organization and operation in the European Union.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Farmacija

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