Naslov
Pčele kao bioindikatori zagađenja okoliša pesicidima
(Honey-bees as bioindicators of environmental pesticide contamination)

Autori
Jurak Gordana

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
International Symposium on Bee products, 3rd edition / - , 2014

Skup
International Symposium on Bee products, 3rd edition

Mjesto i datum
Opatija, Hrvatska, 28.09.2014. - 01.10.2014

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Nije recenziran

Ključne riječi
pčele; biondikatori; pesticdi
(honey-bees; bioindicators; pesticides)

Sažetak
Pesticides are the most common type of chemicals that comes in contact with each seg-ment of the environment. Use of pesticides commonly claims processing large clay surface using concentrations that are able to kill a certain plant or animal species. The amount of pesticide that comes in direct contact or which is consumed by pest is very small compared with the amount that is applied. In most share of applied research pesticides whose target pests to less than 0.3%, thus is easy to conclude that 99.7% ends up in the environment. Although bees are not the target organisms in the use of pesticides to protect crop agricul-ture, unfortunately they are heavily influenced by pesticides. During the flight in which gather nectar, pollen, plant resins and water they come in contact with a number of inorganic and organic contaminants that often bring in the colonies. The aim of the study was to determine the types and levels of pesticides in honeybees sampled in Varaždin County.The samples were collected in different parts of Varaždin County and then divided in 4 location groups. Honey-bee samples obtained from eco-beekeepers from Lonjsko Polje and Bosiljevo served as a control group because none of the eco-beekeepers in Varaždin County is located far enough from agricultural areas. Honey-bee samples were collected on their return from pasture and frozen until analysis. Honeybees were tested for residues of 78 active pesticide substances using GC/MS and HPLC technique. Retention time and the ratio of the specific and confirmatory ions of par-ticular pesticides were analyzed. Samples were prepared according to the modified method EN 15662:2008 Food of plant origin. Determination of pesticide residues by GC-MS and/or LC-MS/MS upon acetonitrile extraction and purification with dispersive SPE-Quechers method. Out of 78 active pesticide substances, 15 such substances were detected in 40 sam-ples analyzed. The mass share of pesticides in honey-bee samples was 0.035-295 μg/bee. Comparing the levels of individually identified and quantified pesticides with LD50, the val-ues of particular pesticides exceeded LD50 for bees several times. The level of pesticides ap-proved and not approved for use in the Republic of Croatia and identified in honeybees was 65.2% and 34.8%, respectively. Statistical analysis on the level differences of insecticides ac-cording to location distribution didn’t show significant differences. Statistical analysis yielded significant differences in the level of fungicides according to location distribution. In location group 4, some fungicide residue was determined and quantified in even 90% of cases, point-ing to honeybees as a significant bioindicator of environmental pesticide contamination and of immediate fungicide contamination. Honey-bee samples of eco-beekeepers didn’t contain any pesticide residue. This work makes a significant contribution to environmental protection by pointing that the honeybees are excellent bioindicator and can be used for research of other pollutants not only pesticides. For obtaining a global picture of environmental pollution in Croatia it is nec-essary to conduct sampling on a larger number of samples over a wide area. The Results of this study indicate the importance of conducting good beekeeping practice to reduce intake of pesticide in hive and more importantly the implementation of good agri-cultural practices with the purpose of reducing the pesticide in the environment.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Biologija, Javno zdravstvo i zdravstvena zaštita

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