Naslov
Selective activation of the prefrontal cortex: Preclinical marker for Alzheimer's disease?

Autori
Josef Golubic, Sanja ; Aine, Cheryl J. ; Stephen, Julia M. ; Caklovic, Lavoslav ; Adair, John C. ; Knoefel, Janice E. ; Supek, Selma

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Book of Abstracts 4th Croatian Congress of Neuroscience / / - Zagreb : Hrvatsko društvo za neuroznanost ; Hrvatski institut za istraživanje mozga Medicinskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, 2013, 53-53

Skup
4th Croatian Congress of Neuroscience

Mjesto i datum
Zagreb, Hrvatska, 20.09.2013. - 21.09.2013

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Domaća recenzija

Ključne riječi
magnetoencefalografija (MEG); evocirana neuromagnetska polja; osjetno procesiranje; oddball paradigma; M50 komponenta slušnog odgovora; gating in; gating out; prefrontalni korteks; neurodegeneracija; Alzheimerova bolest (AB); blagi kognitivni poremećaj (MCI); starenje; neurofiziološki biljeg; Rey Osterreith Complex Figure Test (REY); korelacija neuropsiholoskih testova i neurofizioloskih mjera
(magnetoencephalography (MEG); evoked neuromagnetic fields; sensory processing; oddball paradigm; auditory M50 component; gating in; gating out; prefrontal cortex; neurodegeneration; Alzheimer's disease (AD); mild cognitive impairment (MCI); aging; neurophysiological marker; Osterreith Rey Complex Figure Test (REY); correlation of neuropsychological tests and neurophysiological measures;)

Sažetak
Magnetoencephalographic techniques with excellent time resolution offer a valuable approach for assessing the pathological changes in neuromagnetic patterns of activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. In this study we used spatio-temporal source localization methods to identify the activated cortical networks evoked by simple tone stimuli within an oddball paradigm and a battery of neuropsychological tests (REY, CVLT, WAIS-R, WAIS-R, WAIS-R, MMSE and GDS ) in an effort to discriminate between 10 patients diagnosed with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and probable AD compared to the 10 age-matched controls. Data were recorded with the CTF-275- channel system in a magnetically shielded room at the Mind Research Network in Albuquerque, NM. Multi-dipole source localizations were conducted during the first 30-100ms using Calibrated Start Spatio Temporal algorithm. Multivariate technique and statistical analyzes were used for exploring abilities to discriminate between-the-subject categories within the whole data space. Spatio- temporal source localization identified three active cortical areas: prefrontal cortex (PF) in addition to the bilateral supratemporal gyri (STG). STG generators were localized in 20/20 subjects for both tones of paradigm. PF generator was localized in all 10 controls: in 4/10 by both tones and in 10/10 by rare tone. 9/10 patients with diagnosis of Alzheimer's type dementia were lacking PF activation regardless of tone condition. These results demonstrate detection of AD patients with 100% sensitivity and 90% specificity. There was very strong correlation between MMSE/REY test results and activation of PF generator (r=0, 99). From clustering approaches three categories of subjects emerged: a) PF generator evoked with both tones, MMSE=30 and REY≥23 ; b) PF generator evoked only with the rare tone, 26<MMSE≤ 30 and 17≤REY<23 and c) lack of PF generator, MMSE<26 and REY<17. Selective activation of the PF generator to rare tone and significantly lower MMSE/REY test scores in a group within the control category of subjects reveals the possibility of AD detection at a very early, non-symptomatic stage of the disease. The absence of PF activity in AD patients and selective activation of PF on auditory stimuli could become a biomarkers significant not only in the diagnosis of disease, but also in detection of its preclinical phase.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Fizika, Temeljne medicinske znanosti, Kliničke medicinske znanosti

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