ࡱ> 9<8~-bjbj 4.xx , 0!!!!!&(((((($FL]L!!!!&&!`9 -Hy p0|dpLL :MIKROBIOLO`KI STATUS I ODNOS ORGANSKIH KISELINA SILA}E 2011./2012. GODINE Manuela Zadravec1, Jelka Pleadin1, Vesna Jaki2, Mario Mitak1 1 Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Savska c. 143, Zagreb 3 Veterinarski zavod Kri~evci, I.Z. Dijankove kog 10, Kri~evci U hranidbi mlije nih krava sila~a se koristi u vrlo velikim koli inama, naro ito u zimskom periodu. Kako bi broj mikroorganizama bio pod kontrolom, va~no je da sila~a bude prikladnog kiselinskog sastava, a ato ujedno rezultira i njenom kvalitetom. U trideset uzoraka sila~e, s razli itih obiteljskih poljoprivrednih gospodarstava s podru ja Koprivni ko  kri~eva ke ~upanije u zimskom periodu 2011./2012. odreen je ukupan broj bakterija, kvasnica i plijesni u gramu, pH vrijednosti te odnose ni~ih organskih kiselina kao pokazatelje kvalitete sila~e(po Fliege). U svim pretra~ivanim parametrima utvrena je zna ajna varijabilnost. Broj saprofitskih bakterija u gramu bio je u rasponu od 5.7 log10 do 10.4 log10., a broj plijesni u gramu kretao se od manje 3,0 log10 do 10,5 log10. Izmjerene pH vrijednosti kretale su se od 3,74 do 7,11. Odnosi kiselina, s ukupnim brojem bodova od 50 do 100, rezultirali su ocjenom sila~e od zadovoljavajue do vrlo dobre kvalitete. Mali postotak analiziranih sila~a (13%) je odgovarao propisima Pravilnika o kakvoi sto ne hrane NN 28/96, dok je ocjenom vrlo dobar ocjenjeno 70% sila~a. Prema dobivenim rezultatima sila~a 2011./2012. nije mogla zadovoljiti visoke prohtjeve mlije nih krava, prvenstveno naruaavanjem eubioze u buragu, ali i nutritivno neadekvatnim obrokom, te su postojali preduvjeti koji mogu izazvati indigestije, sa svim atetnim posljedicama. Klju ne rije i: sila~a, mikrobiloaki status, organske kiseline, kvaliteta MICROBIOLOGICAL STATUS AND RELATIONSHIP OF ORGANIC ACID SILA$.8^jlx     ̺sbsbQ hO%hpNCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hpNCJOJQJ^JaJ#hO%hpNCJH*OJQJ^JaJ#hO%hO%CJH*OJQJ^JaJ#hO%hpNCJH*OJQJ^JaJ hO%hpNCJOJQJ^JaJ#hO%ha5CJOJQJ^JaJ#hO%h745CJOJQJ^JaJhO%5CJOJQJ^JaJ#hO%h55CJOJQJ^JaJ   j$"&",~- dh9DgdO%$d9Da$gdO%$a$gd5 $a$gd $da$gdpN$a$gd5  $ & , . @ Bdfhj޼މxgV hO%hCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hueSCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hjCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%h:LCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%h74CJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hhCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%h9\CJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hg1aCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%h%|CJOJQJ^JaJ hO%h5CJOJQJ^JaJ<\rx <z<̪ޙ޻wfwwww hO%hueSCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hjCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%h%|CJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hr+CJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hnCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%h"r!CJOJQJ^JaJ#hO%h>CJH*OJQJ^JaJ hO%h:LCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%h>CJOJQJ^JaJ&HJ~ͼw[?[?[?[?7h3chO%5CJOJPJQJ^JaJmH nHsH tH7hO%hO%5CJOJPJQJ^JaJmH nHsH tH hO%hO%CJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hCJOJQJ^JaJ#hO%h5CJOJQJ^JaJ hO%h:LCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%h74CJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hr+CJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hjCJOJQJ^JaJ hO%hCJOJQJ^JaJ"""""""$"l'p''''(((^*`*,|-~-㭒vvvv^.hO%CJOJPJQJ^JaJmH nHsH tH7hO%hO%CJH*OJPJQJ^JaJmH nHsH tH4hO%hO%CJOJPJQJ^JaJmH nHsH tH/h3chO%5CJOJPJQJ^JaJnHtHU7h3chO%5CJOJPJQJ^JaJmH nHsH tH7hO%hO%5CJOJPJQJ^JaJmH nHsH tHGE 2011/2012 YEAR In dairy cows silage as feed is used in very large quantities, especially in winter. To keep the number of microorganisms under control, it is important that the silage is of a suitable acid composition, which also results in the silage quality. In the thirty samples of silage, taken from different family farms in the Koprivni ko-kri~eva ka  area in the winter 2011/2012 the total number of bacteria, yeasts and molds in a gram, pH values and contribution of lower organic acids as indicators of silage quality were determined (by Fliege). All the searched parameters showed significant variability. The number of saprophytic bacteria in a gram was in the range of 5.7 log10 to 10.4 log10, and the number of molds in a gram was less than 3.0 log10 to 10.5 log10. The measured pH values ranged from 3.74 to 7.11. The contribution of acid, in the total number of points 50-100, resulted in a silage evaluation of satisfactory to very good quality. A small percentage of the analyzed silage (13%) corresponded to the regulations of the Ordinance on the quality of feed NN 28/96, while a very good grade rated 70% silage. The results of the analysis of silage 2011/2012 could not meet the high demands of dairy cows, primarily eubiosis disruption in the rumen, the meal was nutritionally inadequate, and there are conditions that can cause indigestion, with all its adverse consequences. Key words: silage, microbiological status, organic acid, quality 21h:p9\. 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