Naslov
Radiological characterization of Phosphogypsum Tailing Facility at Fertilizer Plant in Kutina Municipality – Croatia including comments on possible reuse of PG products

Autori
Prlić, Ivica ; Marović, Gordana ; Vučić, Zlatko ; Turk, Rajka ; Spitaler, Ewald ; Bituh Tomislav ; Cerovac, Zdravko ; Surić Mihić, Marija

Izvornik
Http://www.thebeton.net/croatiahazwaste/task21/Task%202.1_Volume_00D.pdf

Vrsta, podvrsta
Ostale vrste radova, ekspertiza

Godina
2009

Ključne riječi
TENORM; radioactivity; Effective dose; radium index; occupational dose; electronic dosemeter; radon intake; risk assessment; phposphogypsum

Sažetak
0 Executive Summary - Client order The Radiological characterization of Phosphogypsum Tailing facility at Fertilizer Plant in Kutina Municipality – Croatia was worked out according to specific order request by a client as follows: Excerpt from the sub-consultancy agreement: Terms for service providers_medical and occupational health-1: 3.) Assessment and Investigation Requirements for Volume_A “ Please also take note for the required on site measurement in Kutina (tailing facility) of radiation on a raster of every 250 m along the dams, which are approximate 40 on site measurements (surface). All 500m sampling of gypsum (approximate 15 samples) and analyzing following isotopes Sample - coordinate K40 (Bq/kg) Th-232 (Bq/kg) Ra 226(Bq/kg) Cs-134/137 (Bq/kg) 4 samples shall be done on additional level of -50cm, -100cm, -150 cm, - 200cm = 16 samples and measures of isotopes as above mentioned. Summary: Pos001: - Qualitative Public Health Risk and Impact Assessment for Kutina and Knin (developing of a report according to attached QPHRA_form) Pos002: - 40 surface radiation measurements on tailing facility in Kutina Pos003: - 15 samples and isotope measurements from tailing facility in Kutina Pos004: - 4 x 4 in-depth sampling and isotope measurements from tailing facility in Kutina All points shall be measured with GPS in a well-known grid and date (eg. UTM/WGS84 or similar) “ ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Results are presented as follows: Poss001: A comprehensive separate parent report containing radiological characterization as its key part is given separately under the title: “Qualitative Public Health Risk Assessment – Phosphogypsum Tailing Facility at Kutina” _ Volume00_A – Final DRAFT - Poss002: The results and mapping are presented in: Poss003: The results of site sampling and measurements are presented in: Poss004: The results of site sampling and measurements are presented in: “Radiological characterization of Phosphogypsum Tailing Facility at Fertilizer Plant in Kutina Municipality – Croatia including comments on possible reuse of PG products”, a Sub-consultancy REPORT - IMI 06-1/1/250-2009. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The radiological characterization of specific PG tailing facility site at Kutina municipality showed that this specific industrial site in Croatia is radiologicaly very stable and that no harm to the environment or public is to be expected if the facility will be managed as till now in the future too. The radioactivity, natural radioactivity content (TENORM) of PG depends on the input phosphate ore quality and that fact is visible in radioactivity concentration variations due to the depth, and local sampling positions at the tailing from which the PG samples were taken. The purposely mixing of PG at the tailing facility site occurs for many practical and safety reasons and from the radiation protection point of view mixing the PG is a good practice. By mixing the PG the mixing of various levels containing various activities occurs assuring that after a certain number of mixing procedures the activity will be more evenly dispersed over the tailing facility volume. If the decision to upgrade the use of existing stored PG will be brought au it means that existing PG product will be used for new products. The new PG product fields of use or purposes are mentioned in this report. We are proposing to reuse the existing PG from the tailing facility in a manner that it must be removed from the entire tailing facility surface in layers not thicker than 0.5 m. This will assure enough time for radon equilibrium of every layer to be achieved lowering any public or occupational exposure during the campaign. The analyzed PG from the tailing facility in Kutina is definitely TENORM material. Hex and Hin and radium equivalent index (Raeq) calculated from the data measured are not less than 1 (unity) indicating that the existing PG is not to be used in construction material products alone. Hex > 1 , Hin > 1 Raeq > 1 (0) If some future building will be made of final construction product containing only PG the corresponding indoor equivalent exposure dose rate in the rooms (occupational and public) will be Dind > 1 mSvy-1. This is not in compliance with the Radiation Protection ALARA philosophy and violates the legal limits given by existing Croatian Radiation Protection legislation PG has to be mixed to a certain volume extent with third party materials (clay or else) containing much less TENORM assuring the Hex and Hin of the final PG product to become less than 1. This mixing process is to be fairly and constantly monitored by licensed technical services. Other fields of modern reuse of PG are to be considered only together with proper monitoring and radiological characterization regarding the specific planned and purpose (like agricultural use enriching the soil quality for certain variety of plants or else). At all times, it is important to have in mind that radiation protection of people (public members as defined in EU basic safety standard legislation) from TENORM exposures is to be defined using the occupancy factors and equivalent exposure dose rate calculations. This was done for the purpose of this report too show and to justify that despite of the fact that Hex > 1 , Hin > 1 and Raeq > 1 for the PG at tailing facility in Kutina no exposure of the particular public member in Kutina municipality is at any time greater than 1 mSv per year due to existence of PG tailing facility. This fact justifies all present (or future) effort leading to technological enrichment of TENORM PG product to be used in various new products and on the benefit of Kutina municipality inhabitants. According to above statements the PG tailing facility in Kutina is radiologically defined as normal tailing facility site where no specific safety or security procedures regarding radiation protection of environment or public are to be performed. Radioactivity from TENORM PG is not polluting the ground waters or agricultural soil in the vicinity of the tailing facility. PG is dispersed by air in the form of suspended air particles and this is the only pathway through which the surface PG from tailing facility can be dispersed over the environment causing diverse hazards to public health. This radiological characterization report on TENORM PG originating from various phosphate ores currently stored at tailing facility in Kutina is a base for the evaluation of radiological hazard and possible risk impact of PG on public member of Kutina municipality (Qualitative Public Health Risk and Impact Assessment – Phosphogypsum Tailing Facility at Kutina: _Volumen00_A_Final Draft)

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Fizika, Biologija, Temeljne tehničke znanosti

Napomena
PHARE 2006: "Development of hazardous waste management system, including the identification and management of "hot spot sites" in Croatia". The project PHARE 2006 "Development of hazardous waste management system, including the identification and management of "hot spot sites" in Croatia" started in December 2008 and will end in December 2010. The project is implemented by the consortium composed of the Danish company Ramboll Danmark A/S, Eptisa from Spain and Project Management Ltd in Ireland. The overall objective of this project is to improve environmental conditions in the Republic of Croatia through the establishment of environmentally sound management of hazardous waste (HW).

POVEZANOST RADA