Naslov
Transport in Function of Ecological Sustainability
(Promet u funkciji ekološke održivosti)

Autori
Božičević, Josip ; Steiner, Sanja ; Bazijanac, Ernest

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u zbornicima skupova, cjeloviti rad (in extenso), znanstveni

Izvornik
Znanstveno-stručna konferencija sa međunarodnim učešćem Tehnički pregledi motornih vozila i zaštita okoliša, Zbornik radova / Čekić, Šefkija - Sarajevo : Institut za saobraćaj i komunikacije, 2010, 25-39

ISBN
978-9958-9437-2-0

Skup
Znanstveno-stručna konferencija sa međunarodnim učešćem Tehnički pregledi motornih vozila i zaštita okoliša

Mjesto i datum
Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina, 10.06.2010

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Pozvano predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
transport strategy; transport policy; subsidiary objectives; sustainability

Sažetak
The transport system development, apart from the physical dimensioning of the infrastructure network, needs to be harmonized with the referent strategic provisions of the European Union common transport policy, which assume incorporation of the principles of integrity, interoperability and sustainability into the national transport policies. Transport is predicted to profound changes in its main framework conditions. The unpredictability of fuel prices, together with the financial crisis, has brought car manufacturers, airlines and related industries into substantial economic difficulties. To respond the increasing demand for transport fuels, biofuels have been promoted, but there are serious concerns about the sustainability of biofuel production and the possible conflicts with food production for a rising world population. In a number of EU cities road pricing schemes have been introduced to fight urban congestion and pollution and to promote public transit. Although a substantial part of daily trips refers to walking, human powered mobility is often in conflict with motorised transport and struggles for space and safety especially in urban areas. These are some of the reasons why transport is one of the key challenges of the EU Sustainable Development Strategy. The instruments of the transport policy, especially in urban transit, should be used to stimulate the alternative to road motorized transport – non-motorized transport, high-speed railways, and modal shift of demand from individual to public transport. An important aspect in transport planning and designing, especially of capital transport infrastructure, is the standardization of conditions for efficient transport sector management, i.e. standardization of the application of intelligent transport systems in the network design. Apart from the special sensitivity in (re)modelling of the chronically lagging behind facilities in the transport system development – public local transport and ITS applications, there is one more segment of transport development that is strategically dominant – intermodal transport. The implementation of the interoperability principle dictates the development of intermodal transport options with the aim of optimizing the usage of natural resources. From the aspect of sustainability, transport development is marked by coordinated approach to modelling the economic growth, ecological balance and social development. The problems of transport development, and especially the development of the transport infrastructure, similar to other important infrastructure sectors – energy and water supply, has been marked by extremely specific features, that directly address the role of the government and private sector in their development and management: • At national and metropolitan levels the transport infrastructure correlates closely with the spatial arrangement and has high effect on the spatial structuring of the total economy. These are the fields of highest government responsibility, which require pro-active planning together with adequate price and tax policies ; • The transport activity, especially in the road branch, has substantial negative external effects – congestion, pollution, and accidents that are reflected with greater seriousness than the generated externals in other sectors directly in the structure of prices and charges. This means that the government interventions in improving the allocation of financial resources are necessarily ; There are huge differences of transport infrastructures in terms of property, investment provisions, types of activities and traffic volume. Therefore, it is not possible to provide a mutual model of environmental management but in practices there are several environmental management systems (EMS) that provide procedures and specifications in a systemized and applicative manner to meet environmental objectives. The best environmental practices include procedures that (Comtois, C., Transportation Environmental Management, 2009): • match transport facilities, operations or projects with environmental components, • link environmental components with regulatory requirements, • assess risks, impacts and responsibilities, • identify environmental issues to be addressed, • consider commercial strategies and operations of private and public sector organization, • introduce best practices, • undertake continuous monitoring and auditing. The most often mentioned environmental management systems are Eco-Management and Audit Scheme EMAS, which has been developed to stimulate and synchronize European environmental policies and ISO 14 001 as main industrial reference in terms of environmental management systems and sustainability, which offers three categories of indicators to measure the environmental performance that could be applicable to the transport industry.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Tehnologija prometa i transport

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