Naslov
Temporal and Spatial variations of Seawater Genotoxicity, Mutagenicity and mussel DNA integrity along the Adriatic coast, Croatia: A long term study - "Project Adriatic" (1998-2007)

Autori
Hamer, Bojan ; Jakšić, Željko ; Vucelić, Vedran ; Krča, Sanja ; Smital, Tvrtko ; Reifferscheid, Georg ; Smodlaka, Nenad ; Batel, Renato

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
14th International Symposium on Toxicity Assessment - Program and abstract book / Vasseur, Paule - Metz, 2009, 103-103

Skup
14th International Symposium on Toxicity Assessment (ISTA 14)

Mjesto i datum
Metz, Francuska, 30.08.2009. - 04.09.2009

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
Genotoxicity; mutagenicity; DNA integrity; Adriatic Sea

Sažetak
Genotoxicity is one of the many types of adverse effects of chemicals, and DNA damage has been suggested to be a major cause of carcinogenesis. As a result of extent anthropogenic activity and pollution, scientific and public interests in environmental genotoxicity increase. Basically the release of genotoxins into the environment should be avoided because massive exposure may affect health, growth and reproductive capacity of many species. This in turn may lead to enhanced instability of ecosystems and may provoke specific adaptations of organisms to stressful situations. Furthermore, from human point of view, the uncontrolled presence of potentially harmful contaminants (genotoxins) in any compartment of the natural environment is an unwanted situation. Based on this idea, the Croatian monitoring program of Adriatic Sea – “Project Adriatic” for environmental risk assessment and seawater quality categorization included standardised and valid procedures and tests for the assessment of genotoxicity: The Ames-test which is based on a set of Salmonella typhimurium strains that revert to histidine independence upon exposure to mutagens and a second microbial assay, the SOS/umu-test which is based on the production of ß-galactosidase enzyme as a response to DNA damage. Potential genotoxic contamination and its effects on marine organisms were estimated by determination of DNA integrity of mussel gills (Mytilus galloprovincialis) employing the Fast Micromethod®. The method is based on the ability of the specific fluorochrome dye PicoGreen to make a very stable complex with dsDNA. By measuring of fluorescence changes during DNA alkaline denaturation it is possible to estimate tissue specific DNA integrity status. Seawater (SW) quality along the Adriatic coast of Croatia was evaluated at 24 sites in protected, harbour, urban, industrial or brackish areas. SW samples were collected from each site seasonally from March 1998 to October 2007. Non-polar compounds from SW samples (30 l) were concentrated at the time of collection on amberlite XAD-7 resin columns. Results of ten year sampling and mutagenicity/genotoxicity analysis along the Adriatic coast indicate a generally good quality of SW and apparently an unpolluted environment. However, positive results were present occasionally (harbours, industry areas), but also since the year 2000. with decreasing incidence. Both bacterial tests showed concordance of positive results and approximately equal sensitivity. Some positive results indicated that the SOS/umu-test is advantageous in the case of cytotoxic complex environmental mixtures. Results of mussel DNA analyses distinguished areas with different DNA integrity status, and indicated environmental stresses and/or genotoxic pollution effects on marine biota.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Geologija, Biologija

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