Naslov
Modulation by levamisole of microfold (M) cells in the ileal Peyer’ s patch of weaned pigs experimentally vaccinated against colibacillosis

Autori
Božić, Frane ; Lacković, Gordana ; Kovšca-Janjatović, Ana ; Šuran, Jelena ; Valpotić, Ivica

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Abstracts of the 11th International EAVPT Congress ; u: Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics / Riviere, Jim ; Fink-Gremmels, Johanna - Leipzig : Wiley-Blackwell, 2009, 165-166

Skup
International EAVPT Congress (11 ; 2009)

Mjesto i datum
Leipzig, Njemačka, 12.07.2009. - 16.07.2009

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
Levamisole; Weaned pigs; Vaccination; Colibacillosis; M cells

Sažetak
Levamisole is anthelmintic agent that can also be used as an adjuvant for preventive bacterial and viral vaccines (1, 2). It could also be coplidered as a candidate mucosal adjuvant for experimental F4ac+ Escherichia coli oral vaccine in weaned pigs as it was found to synergize this vaccine in stimulating intestinal humoral and cell-mediated immune responses (2-4). Although it is not clear how levamisole interacts with experimental F4ac+ E. coli oral vaccine against post-weaning colibacillosis (PWC), enhanced translocations of F4ac antigen to the mesenteric lymph nodes and modulation of T cell maturation in the MLN and ileal Peyer’ s patch (IPP) are potential mechanisms (2-4). In an attempt to better understand the mechanisms by which levamisole induces protective mucosal immune responses of pigs to vaccination against PWC, immunohistology was used to investigate whether levamisole synergizes experimental F4ac+ E. coli oral vaccine in recruiting microfold (M) cells in the IPP of weaned pigs. Ten commercial crossbred pigs weaned at 4 weeks were i.m. primed with levamisole (Nilverm® Pliva, Zagreb, Croatia) at an immunostimulatory dose of 2.5 mg/kg given daily, over 3 consecutive days (5). Following the last levamisole dose was given, experimental group (N = 5) was orally vaccinated with the vaccinal F4ac+ E. coli strain, and control group (N = 5) were sham-vaccinated with Trypticase soy broth. Both groups were challenge-inoculated with the virulent F4ac+ E. coli strain 7 days later and killed on post-challenge day 6. The small intestines were excised for immunohistology (6) and murine anti-cytokeratin 18 mAb was used (7) to distinguish the M cells in the follicule-associated epithelium (FAE). Digital image processing system was used for the quantification of M cells in immunohistochemically stained tissue sections. The quantification of M cells was performed by computerized image analysis based on Adobe Photoshop software using commercial imaging Lucia G program as described previously (8). In every tissue section sample, count of M cells were in 12 randomly chosen fields (with the area of 700480 µ m2) using a magnification of 200 . Quantification of cytokeratin 18+ M cells within ileal FAE showed significant difference (p  0.05 ; Student’ s t-test) in the proportion of these cells between primed vaccinated (6.53  10-5  1.34) and primed sham-vaccinated pigs (1.08  10-4  0.87) implying that levamisole exerts its potentiating activity in the vaccinated but not non-vaccinated pigs. Since M cells are considered as antigen/microorganisms transporting cells (9), it is likely that levamisole may contribute to immune protection from challenge-induced porcine PWC not only by influencing of intestinal T and B cell maturation (2-4), but also by enhancing transportation of the vaccinal antigen by M cells. This study was supported by the grants no. 053-0532265-2255 and 053-0532265-2248 from the Ministry of Science, Education and sport of Croatia. References 1. Jin et al. Vaccine 2004 ; 22: 2925-2935. 2. Janjatović et al. J Vet Pharmacol Therap. 2008 ; 31: 328-333. 3. Božić et al. J Vet Pharmacol Therap 2003 ; 26: 225-231. 4. Božić et al. J Vet Pharmacol Therap 2006 ; 29: 199-204. 5. Brunner & Muscoplat JAVMA 1980 ; 176 ; 1159-1162. 6. Lacković et al. Eur J Histochem 1999 ; 43: 39-46. 7. Lugering et al. Clin Exp Immunol 2004 ; 136: 232-238. 8. Oberholzer et al. Histochem Cell Biol 1996 ; 105: 333-355. 9. Kerneis et al. Science 1997 ; 277: 949-952.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Veterinarska medicina

POVEZANOST RADA