аЯрЁБс>ўџ 02ўџџџ/џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџьЅС%`№П›)bjbjNрNр 4*,Š,Š‡џџџџџџЄЄЄЄЄЄЄЄј”” ” ” ” ,Р Œ– Жи и и и и з з з й л л л л л л $LhДZџ QЄз з з з з џ ЄЄи и џP 1 1 1 з ОЄи Єи й 1 з й 1 1 ЄЄ1 и Ь 0ЏР шЩ” • R1 Э f 0– 1 ч 41 Є1 œз з 1 з з з з з џ џ  з з з – з з з з ŒŒŒ$АфŒŒŒАИ$мєЄЄЄЄЄЄџџџџ TITLE: Relationship between prenatal exposure to mercury and the size of a newborn’s cerebellum AUTHORS: Milardovic A, Prpic I, Bilic I, Petrovic O, Spiric Z, Horvat M,. Tratnik J, Mazej D University of Rijeka, Medical faculty, University Hospital Rijeka, Neonatal Division, Department of Gynecology and Obstetric, Department of Pediatrics, Rijeka, Croatia BACKGROUND: Mercury is the most widespread heavy metal in the environment. In aquatic environments mercury that is leaching from the earth’s crust is methylated by the action of common bacteria. Methyl-mercury, formed by methylation of mercury, passes up the food chain and becomes concentrated in fish and sea mammals. Methyl mercury is highly toxic and is readily absorbed by the body following ingestion, particularly marine origin food products, or inhalation. The target organ for methyl-mercury toxicity is the central nervous system, especially the brain. Developing fetus is more vulnerable both to the exposure to methyl-mercury and to the effects of such exposure. There are published data considering the morphologic changes within the CNS due to the prenatal exposure to toxic levels of MeHg, detected by neuroimmaging techniques such as magnetic resonance or ultrasound. The aim of the study was to asses the eventual correlation between prenatal exposure to low levels mercury and the size of the newborn’s cerebellum. METHODS: A prospective study has been conducted at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University Hospital Rijeka, Croatia. A total of 137 childbearing women with term pregnancies were included in the study. Excluding criteria were mothers’ chronic diseases, pregnancy complications that may affect development of the fetus and multiple pregnancies. Maternal hair has been used as a vehicle for measuring prenatal exposure to mercury. Neurosonographic examination was conducted to all newborns and two dimensions of cerebellum (length and width) are measured. Women were divided in two groups, based on their body levels of methyl-mercury: (e" 1 mcg/g vs. < 1 mcg/g) and their newborns were compared. RESULTS: The average age of mothers was 29, 6 (SD 4, 6). Majority of mothers had hair mercury levels lower than 1 mcg/g (N=107). Mean value was 880, 9 mcg/g (SD 1243, 7), ranging from 19 mcg/g to 8710 mcg/ g. Mean values of newborns basic measurements were as following - birth length 50, 9 cm (SD 2.1, range 45 cm to 56 cm), birth weight 3506, 9 g (SD 494, 5, range 1240 g to 4650 g) and head circumference 34, 8 cm (SD 1,2, range 32 cm to 37,5 cm). The Apgar score for 135 newborns ranged from 6 to 10 with mean value of 9,5 (SD 0.7) in the first minute and 9,8 (SD 0.4) in the fifth minute. Head ultrasounds’ results revealed the mean length value of cerebellum of 20, 6 mm (SD 3, 4) and mean width value of 25, 3 mm (SD 3, 2). Further analysis between the group of newborns born to mothers with higher body levels of mercury (e" 1 mcg/g) and those born to mothers with lower body levels of mercury (< 1 mcg/g) revealed that there was no significant differences between the two groups considering the width of cerebellum. Mean values of the named dimension were 19,6 (SD 3,4) in newborns born to mothers with higher body levels of mercury and 20,9 (SD 3.4) in newborns born to mothers with lower body levels of mercury. Mean values of the length of cerebellum were 24, 6 (SD 2.8) and 25, (SD 3, 3), respectively. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference between the groups related to the length of cerebellum. 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