Naslov
Genetic insights into biological mechanisms governing human ovarian ageing

Autori
Ruth, Katherine S. ; Day, Felix R. ; Hussain, Jazib ; Martínez-Marchal, Ana ; Aiken, Catherine E. ; Azad, Ajuna ; ... ; Kolčić, Ivana ; ... ; Polašek, Ozren ; ... ; Perry, John R. B. ; Biobank-based Integrative Omics Study (BIOS) Consortium ; eQTLGen Consortium ; The Biobank Japan Project ; China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group ; kConFab Investigators ; The LifeLines Cohort Study ; The InterAct consortium ; 23andMe Research Team

Kolaboracija
Biobank-based Integrative Omics Study (BIOS) Consortium ; eQTLGen Consortium ; The Biobank Japan Project ; China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group ; kConFab Investigators ; The LifeLines Cohort Study ; The InterAct consortium ; 23andMe Research Team

Izvornik
Nature (0028-0836) 596 (2021), 7872; 393-397

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u časopisima, članak, znanstveni

Ključne riječi
MEIOTIC CELL-CYCLE ; DNA-DAMAGE ; MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION ; CHROMOSOME SYNAPSIS ; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS ; EARLY MENOPAUSE ; GERMLINE ; VARIANTS ; DISEASE ; RISK

Sažetak
Reproductive longevity is essential for fertility and influences healthy ageing in women(1, 2), but insights into its underlying biological mechanisms and treatments to preserve it are limited. Here we identify 290 genetic determinants of ovarian ageing, assessed using normal variation in age at natural menopause in approximately 200, 000 women of European ancestry. These common alleles were associated with clinical extremes of age at natural menopause ; women in the top 1% of genetic susceptibility have an equivalent risk of premature ovarian insufficiency to those carrying monogenic FMR1 premutations(3). The identified loci implicate a broad range of DNA damage response (DDR) processes and include loss-of- function variants in key DDR-associated genes. Integration with experimental models demonstrates that these DDR processes act across the life- course to shape the ovarian reserve and its rate of depletion. Furthermore, we demonstrate that experimental manipulation of DDR pathways highlighted by human genetics increases fertility and extends reproductive life in mice. Causal inference analyses using the identified genetic variants indicate that extending reproductive life in women improves bone health and reduces risk of type 2 diabetes, but increases the risk of hormone-sensitive cancers. These findings provide insight into the mechanisms that govern ovarian ageing, when they act, and how they might be targeted by therapeutic approaches to extend fertility and prevent disease.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Temeljne medicinske znanosti

POVEZANOST RADA