Naslov
Obstructive sleep apnea and multiple facets of a neuroinflammatory response: a narrative review

Autori
Gnoni, Valentina ; Ilic, Katarina ; Drakatos, Panagis ; Petrinovic, Marija M. ; Cash, Diana ; Steier, Joerg ; Morrell, Mary J. ; Petanjek, Zdravko ; Kalanj-Bognar, Svjetlana ; Rosenzweig, Ivana

Izvornik
Journal of Thoracic Disease (2072-1439) 14 (2022), 2; 564-574

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u časopisima, pregledni rad, znanstveni

Ključne riječi
TLR2 ; neuroplastin ; sleep ; neuroinflammation ; obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

Sažetak
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic, highly prevalent, multi-system and sleep disorder, which may contribute to cognitive impairment and a variety of structural and neurophysiologic changes. The focus on OSA is warranted given its recognized links with major psychiatric and neurologic disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease. Some preliminary studies suggest a dual effect of the inflammatory response in OSA. Neuroinflammation may present with initial, potentially adaptive and homeostatic, and later, a more distinctly maladaptive, precipitating and perpetuating role. Objective: We here propose and argue in favour of the inflammatory process in the brain as a likely binding mechanism behind at least some effects that OSA may have on the brain and its function. Several OSA-triggered molecular and cellular events, that could lead to a neurodegenerative cascade, are similarly discussed. Methods: This perspective reviews the body of literature that investigates potential links between the inflammatory processes in the brain and the OSA. A special emphasis is placed on a potential role for neuroplastin, a novel transmembrane synaptic protein involved in the neuroplasticity and known to be differentially regulated in the OSA. Conclusions: The intricate interplay between neuroinflammation and other mechanistic correlates of OSA add to the evidence that neuroinflammation may be a key target for future therapeutic strategies in a number of comorbid disorders. The future studies will need to answer whether it is sleep fragmentation (SF) or intermittent hypoxia (IH) which may drive any such neuroinflammation.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Temeljne medicinske znanosti

POVEZANOST RADA