Naslov
The (in)visible change: differences in textile production during the Early and Late Iron Age based on mineralized textile fragments from Croatia

Autori
Fileš Kramberger, Julia

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Adaptabilité et résilience durant les âges des Métaux : comment les populations répondent-elles au changement ? / Adaptability and resilience in Metal Age societies: how do populations respond to change ? / - , 2021, /-/

Skup
Adaptabilité et résilience durant les âges des Métaux : comment les populations répondent-elles au changement ? = Adaptability and resilience in Metal Age societies: how do populations respond to change ?

Mjesto i datum
Glux-en-Glenne, Francuska, 08.03.2021. - 10.03.2021

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Nije recenziran

Ključne riječi
mineralized textiles ; change in textile production ; Iron Age ; Hallstatt ; La Téne

Sažetak
Although textile, as a perishable material, is rarely the focus of archaeological investigations, in certain circumstances fragments of it survive in close contact to oxidizing metals. Thanks to a small number of such cases found mostly in grave contexts, added to the textile fragments preserved by salt in salt mines or constant wetness in waterlogged sites, the picture of textile production and use during the Central European Early and Late Iron Age becomes clearer. A general change in textile production can be noted (Gleba 2017 ; Harris 2012), occurring in the transitional period from the Early Iron Age (Hallstatt period) to the Late Iron Age (La Tène period). A European-wide sudden decrease of textile tools number on Late Iron Age settlements, as opposed to their abundance in the Early Iron Age, and a standardization visible in morphology of said tools might indicate a drastic change in the process of textile making (Grömer 2016). Aside from this, within the preserved textile fragment collections themselves, certain changes can be noted: the finely produced and varied twills of the Hallstatt period were taken over by fine yet simpler tabbies in the La Téne period and checkered and spin-patterned fabrics were replaced by striped and monochromatic ones. In Croatia, textile analysis has recently been gaining its popularity which is why several finds from Tumulus 6 at the Hallstatt period necropolis of Kaptol- Gradca and from four graves at the La Téne cemetery of Zvonimirovo-Veliko Polje may give us new insight into the invisible world of textiles from the Iron Age. Although the necropolis organization and the general funerary ritual differs between these two sites, it is noteworthy that in both cases the human remains were incinerated, giving a special significance to the presence and spatial organization of grave goods. These range from ceramic vessels with food and drink as funerary gifts to weapons and toiletry kits in warrior graves or knives and ceramic spindle whorls in female graves, all accompanied regularly by typical male or female costume attire, such as fibulae, belts, personal adornments, etc. Thanks to the fact that many of these finds were made of iron, textile fragments were preserved in its corrosion and were further investigated after the conservation of the objects. The analysis consisted of determining the weave type, thread spin direction and thread diameter. The remains were analyzed primarily by viewing with the naked eye, and finer details such as thread diameter and patterning were determined with the help of digital microscopy. A shift in textile production regarding the weave type and even the overall thread diameters can be observed within the textile fragments from these two sites, generally coinciding with the rest of the Central European Early to Late Iron Age textile finds.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Arheologija

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