Naslov
New winter wheat varieties during different climate challenges

Autori
Španić, Valentina ; Ćosić, Josipa ; Vuković, Rosemary ; Katanić, Zorana ; Štolfa Čamagajevac, Ivna ; Vuković, Ana ; Begović, Lidija ; Mlinarić, Selma ; Kovač, Tihomir ; Lončarić, Ante ; Salopek Sondi, Branka ; Babić, Jurislav ; Drezner, Georg ; Zdunić, Zvonimir

Vrsta, podvrsta
Ostale vrste radova, ostalo

Godina
2020

Ključne riječi
wheat ; abiotic and biotic stress ; physiology ; moelcular breeding

Sažetak
The agriculture is economically very significant for Croatia, so this sector should be more productive and sustainable. However, crop production is relatively low in Croatia and the yields of basic crops are below European levels. One of the key problems is climate change, which results in significant damage to crop production, and can reduce crop yields up to 20-70%, depending on intensity and duration of unfavourable conditions. Consequently, farmers have reduced their agricultural activity or even abandoned it due to higher production costs and lower yields. Along with investigation of wheat response to drought, we will investigate the resistance of wheat to the most dangerous diseases, such as rusts and Fusarium Head Blight (FHB).Those diseases can spread and cause disease epidemics which can result in reduced yield and quality of the wheat. Through the project, the effect of abiotic (drought) and biotic (FHB and rusts) stresses on wheat are investigated by different assessments in the field, accompanied by laboratory analysis including expression of the genes and proteins and analysis of physiological status of the plants. Thus, dehydrins (DHNs) will be investigated which are believed to play an important protective role in plant cell during dehydration. In addition, abscisic acid (ABA) will be determined because expression of many DHNs increases by this phytohormone. Furthermore, different pathogen resistance (PR) genes could be induced or suppressed independently in response to diseases which will be determined in the post inoculation time. Overall, this study may help to develop precise phenotyping tools to identify physiological traits such as ear and leaf photosynthesis that could contribute towards increasing grain yield. The ear photosynthesis is thought to play an important role in terms of the source of photo- assimilates during grain filling, not only under different stresses, but also under optimal agronomical conditions. The social benefit of the project will be manifested in the creation of healthier wheat varieties with more resistance to Fusarium spp. and therefore with decreased concentration of mycotoxins, in order increase food safety and protect the human health. In addition to health risks, mycotoxins have a detrimental effect on the quality and the processing performance of wheat. Furthermore, multi‐mycotoxin contamination from FHB is of great concern and it will be investigated, as co‐ contaminated samples might exert adverse health effects due to synergistic effect during co- occurrence of several mycotoxins.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Poljoprivreda (agronomija), Biotehnologija

Napomena
Održano pozvano predavanje na Yangling
International Agri-Science Forum,
22.-26.10.2020. unutar projekta koji je
financiran: KK.01.1.1.04.0067, Odgovor ozime
pšenice na
biotičke i abiotičke stresove izazvane
klimatskim promjenama

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