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SNORA62 inhibits cell growth and proliferation in vitro

A huge therapeutic potential of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) was recognized early upon their discovery, and has been explored intensively and continuously ever since. The great perspective of ncRNAs in medicine is due to their inherent mechanism of gene regulation that might be applicable in therapy of wide spectrum of diseases. Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are believed to be the most ancient ncRNAs, essential for the correct assembly of the ribosome. Many examples of ncRNAs displaying both snoRNA and microRNA (miRNA) characteristics suggest a possible evolution from one type to the other. Numerous studies already provided evidence for the functional importance of snoRNAs in cancerogenesis. The accumulating genomic data strongly confirm the tendency of snoRNAs to colonize ribosomal protein genes (RPGs) and ribosome related genes in eukaryotes. SNORA62 is found in ribosomal protein S30 gene (FAU) in the subset of sponges from the genus Suberites, and is located in the human ribosomal protein gene SA (RPSA). Both host RPGs possess an extraribosomal function involved in the maintenance of cellular viability through the caspase-dependent regulation of apoptosis. Since SNORA62 is the most upregulated gene in diallyl sulfide (DAS)- induced apoptosis in HeLa cells, we tested overexpression of SNORA62 in human cells. Plasmids for overproduction of recombinant proteins RPSA, FAU and SNORA62 were constructed and HeLa and HEK293T cells were used for transfection. Cell proliferation was measured using CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega) and caspase activity was measured using the Caspase-Glo 3/7 Assay Kit (Promega). Our results show that SNORA62 can modify cell growth rate and act like tumor suppressor in HEK293T and HeLa cells, but also interfere and modulate similar functions of its host ribosomal protein genes. Analyses of SNORA62 presented here provide the opportunity to determine direction for further investigation and evaluation of its potential for cancer treatment.

non-coding RNAs ; SNORA62 ; tumor suppressor

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