engleski

FLUORIDATION OF DRINKING WATER

Tooth decay is the most prevalent chronic disease in the world. Fluoride has a caries- protective mechanism of action, as it inhibits demineralization process of hard tooth tissues and helps tooth remineralization. Fluoride can be used topically or systemically. Fluoridation of drinking water is the oldest known form of systemic fluoride therapy. In 1999 fluoridation of water was named one of ten great public health achievements of the 20th century by The Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommended concentration of fluoride in drinking water varies between 0.7 and 1.2 mg/L. According to epidemiological data, reduction in dental decay in communities with fluoridated drinking water is 40-49% in primary dentition and 50-59% in permanent dentition. The greatest benefits of community water fluoridation are availability to all people in the community, regardless socioeconomic status, and cost- effectiveness. The major problem is controlling individual daily fluoride intake, because one can be exposed to fluoridation through food, air or even by accidental ingestion of dental products. The most common complications of fluoride overdose are dental fluorosis, allergies and negative impact on gastric mucosa and kidneys. The aim of this paper is to present modalities of water fluoridation, its benefits and complications, as well as controversies surrounding this practice.

fluoridation ; caries ; water

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