engleski

Instrumenta sacra depicted on the Roman Votive Altars from Croatia

On the territory of present-day Croatia, i.e. parts of the former X. Roman Region Venetia et Histria and the Roman provinces of Dalmatia and Pannonia, more than 800 Roman votive altars have been found. Most of the altars dedicated to the deities are simple and without decoration, with the exception of those decorated with elaborate relief displays. Among them, representations of the objects used in the cult - shallow bowl (lat. patera) and a ritual pitcher (lat. urceus, guttus) - are the most common motifs on the altars. These motifs appear on 27 altars found on the territory of Croatia, with a ritual pitcher appearing on 24, and a patera on 23 altars. Both of these motifs are usually displayed on the same altar, rarely individually, but there are also combinations with other motifs. Representation of a patera on the right, and a ritual pitcher on the left side of the altar can be brought into direct connection with the position of the priest in relation to the altar when sacrificing. The aim of this paper is to analyze sacrificial vessels depicted on the votive altars found in the territory of Croatia, attempting to determine the type of sacrificial vessels, trying to correlate them with the real artefacts and determine the significance of such representation in Roman religion.

Roman Dalmatia and Pannonia ; Votive Altar ; Instrumenta Sacra

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