engleski

Exposure assessment of adults in Croatia to patulin from apple juice

Patulin is mycotoxin produced by particular moulds species, like Penicillium (particular P. expansum), Aspergillus i Byssochlamys which can grow on fruits, cereals, cheese and some other food. Main source in human consumption is apple juice. Other juices mixed with apple juice can also contribute to exposure. Apple juice consumption is the most frequent among other juices in Croatia, and juice production expanded with small family economy production. In this production, home growth apples are used and due to lack of experience in it, higher juices patulin contamination was observed. Result from three-year monitoring included 122 apple juice samples were analysed. Food consumption data on apple juice are coming from National Food Consumption Survey (2011-2012). Regarding different types of apple juices on Croatian market, in our scenario was assumed consumption of juice with 100%, 50% and 17% of apple content, and in case when it was not known what type of juice was consumed, 56% of apple content was used as an assumption that all three juices type can be equally randomly picked. According to result under limit of quantification (LOQ), lower bound (LB) – concentration equal to 0, middle bound (MB) – concentration equal to half LOQ, and upper bound (UB) – concentration equal LOQ, scenarios were used. The results were statistically analysed in the programming language "R" using the appropriate diagrams, while the conclusions were made regarding the results of the t-test and the MWU test. Exposure assessment was calculated for whole adult population, separately for male and female, age groups and geographic region. In worst case scenario average exposure to patulin from apple juice was 0, 07 µg/kg b.m., what is five time less than actual PMTDI. In comparison with man, women are more exposed to patulin, also population living in Dalmatia region compared to other regions and persons between 18 and 30 years compared with other age groups, but exposure was not above PMTDI value. It can be concluded that health risk from patulin from apple juice is negligible for adult population in Croatia.

apple juice ; patulin ; exposure assessment

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