engleski

Small-scale stand-alone renewable hydrogen energy system

A small-scale stand-alone renewable hydrogen energy system has been installed at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split. The system consists of a wind turbine (1.4 kW), PV panels (1.6 kW), batteries (8 kWh), electrolyzer (2.4 kW), hydrogen storage, fuel cell (1.2 kW), DC/DC inverter (1.2 kW), control unit and programmable DC load. Electrolyzer can operate directly on variable power produced from renewable energy. It can deliver hydrogen at pressures up to 30 bar, so no hydrogen compressor is used. The purpose of this system is to study and optimize control strategies for energy management. There are several energy pathways from the source to the load, namely: (i) directly from the source to the load ; (ii) excess energy may be used to charge the batteries, and power from batteries may be used in periods when power from renewables cannot satisfy the load ; (iii) depending on the state of charge of the batteries, excess energy from renewables may be used in the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen, which may be stored for later use in fuel cell to generate power during the periods when power from renewables cannot satisfy the load. In addition to these basic energy pathways it may be desirable to operate both the electrolyzer and the fuel cell in constant power mode, in which case energy from and to the batteries may be used. An optimal control strategy should result not only in the highest overall efficiency, covering most of the load but also resulting in less start-ups and shut-downs of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell. In addition, an economic aspect should not be neglected, so the relative size of the batteries, electrolyzer, fuel cells and hydrogen storage must be selected that should result in the lowest cost of energy delivered.

Renewable energy ; Hydrogen system ; Electrolyzer ; Fuel Cell ; Control Strategy ; Energy Management

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