engleski

The use of buccal cells in human biomonitoring and early disease detection.

Background. Biomarkers used in human biomonitoring and disease detection usually involve sampling such as blood collection and can also require establishment of cell cultures to detect unrepaired or permanent DNA damage after the first cell division in which most of the DNA repair mechanisms were active. As both requirements are either invasive or time consuming, there is a need to have different type of sampling that would involve non-invasive cell collection that would be also informative as blood cells as biomarker and as DNA damage detection biomarker. Exfoliated buccal cells have demonstrated to be a good example of both requirements, as a non- invasive sampling source of cells and as a type of the cell that do not require cell culture, since DNA damage that has been made in these cells cannot be repaired after they start to differentiate from the basal buccal cells, and it was also demonstrated that the type of DNA damage detected in buccal cells can correlate in the type of damage detected in the circulating blood cells. Aim. The aim of this literature overview was to show where buccal cells, mostly analysed by the micronucleus cytome assay and comet assay can be (potentially) used in human biomonitoring and early disease detection. Methods. The Web of Science and PubMed database was analysed using key words such as buccal, oral epithelial, DNA damage, biomonitoring, disease, comet, micronucleus Results. We have found 121 (buccal biomonitoring), 3173 (buccal disease), 489 (buccal DNA damage), 148 (buccal comet), 661 (buccal micronucleus), 84 (oral epithelial comet), 190 (oral epithelial micronucleus), 4861 (oral epithelial disease) articles and we have focused on the buccal cells as a biomarker of exposure and early disease detection not connected with metastases and oral tumours/cancers, etc. We will demonstrate just a small overview of the work in progress. Conclusion. Buccal cells have demonstrated their usefulness in variety of exposure assessment, as an additional biomarker in early disease detection and as additional yet not fully explored biomarker in human biomonitoring studies, in which oral cavity and respiratory system can be a target system, but also, they showed their usefulness in other diseases and exposures.

alkaline comet assay ; micronucleus assay ; buccal cells ; disease

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