engleski

Conserving European biodiversity across realms

Terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems are connected via multiple biophysicaland ecological processes. Identifying and quantifying links among ecosystems is nec- essary for the uptake of integrated conservation actions across realms. Such actionsare particularly important for species using habitats in more than one realm duringtheir daily or life cycle. We reviewed information on the habitats of 2, 408 speciesof European conservation concern and found that 30% of the species use habitats inmultiple realms. Transportation and service corridors, which fragment species habi-tats, were identified as the most important threat impacting∼70% of the species. Weexamined information on 1, 567 European Union (EU) conservation projects fundedover the past 25 years, to assess the adequacy of efforts toward the conservation of“multi-realm” species at a continental scale. We discovered that less than a thirdof multi-realm species benefited from projects that included conservation actionsacross multiple realms. To achieve the EU's conservation target of halting biodiver- sity loss by 2020 and effectively protect multi-realm species, integrated conservationefforts across realms should be reinforced by: (1) recognizing the need for integratedmanagement at a policy level, (2) revising conservation funding priorities acrossrealms, and (3) implementing integrated land-freshwater-sea conservation planningand management.

Birds Directive ; conservation planning ; EU Biodiversity Strategy ; funding priorities ; Habitats Directive ; integrated management ; multi-realm species ; Red Lis ; threats

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