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Biochemical profile of cultured and wild-caught turbot Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus, 1758) from northern Adriatic Sea

Biochemical blood analysis provides significant information about the physiological status of fish and their response depends on living conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the variation of blood biochemical parameters of cultured and wild-caught turbot from the Adriatic Sea in spring when the values of water temperature are the most favorable for this fish species. The levels of total protein, triglycerides, bilirubin, creatine kinase, albumin and globulin were significantly higher in the group of cultured turbot. The higher levels of measured parameters are most likely consequence of high availability of feed and limitation within rearing space and density. There were no significant differences in albumin/globulin ratio (A/G) between the two groups. In addition, we measured changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) between the two groups. The concentration of SOD was higher in the cultured group while the concentration of GSH-Px was higher in the wild-caught group. Calcium and phosphorus oncentrations were higher in wild-caught group. Glucose and cholesterol were also higher in wild-caught turbot. In relation to the needs for further aquaculture development of turbot, knowledge on biological responses of this species to environmental changes are vital for understanding the correlation of living conditions to biochemical parameters which, in this study, showed the significant difference between the two groups.

turbot, biochemical parameters, living conditions, stress, aquaculture

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