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The Urban Expansion of Rijeka as a Reflection of the City's Multiethnic Society in the Late 18th and Early 19th Century

The city of Rijeka (Italian: Fiume) in the Northern Adriatic owes its development to the efforts of the Habsburg politics which destined it to be, along with Trieste, a major port of the Austrial Littoral. Rijeka's urban growth started in the late 18th and the first half of the 19th century with the arrival of many foreigners from different parts of Croatia, Italy, notably Friuli and Veneto, from the Austrian lands like the Carniola, as well as from the Ottoman areas, such as Serbia and Bosnia. The foreigners found in Rijeka fertile ground for business and commerce and the growing harbour traffic prompted the economic and cultural wealth of the city. Since the medieval centre of Rijeka was unconveniently placed between a hill and a sea, in the mid-18th century the city government decided upon the engineering projects to enlarge the city's territory by land reclamation. The new areas were named the „New Town“ (Citta Nuova), as opposed to the historical „Old town“, and consisted mainly of blocks with private housing. Furthermore, Korzo, city's major thoroughfare was built in this period, comprising large houses and palaces of notable citizens. Interestingly, many of the investors were foreigners whose palaces became landmarks in the urban image of Rijeka, and have remained so until today. The expansion of Rijeka took effect even more in the late 19th century with the construction of new blocks and buildings in large scale which gave the city its cosmopolitan appearance.

earky modern architecture, urban planning, urban development, Rijeka, 18th century, early 19th century, New Town, houses, palaces

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