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Teresian and Josephine reform efforts in the regulation of the socioeconomic position of Roma in Croatia and Slavonia

Te history of the Roma population on the Croatian area was marked by the periods in which the Roma faced the impact of the repressive and assimilatory policy of the state and local authorities towards them. Te period of the reign of Maria Teresa and Joseph II was marked by such a policy, as they issued numerous decrees on Roma. Te main goal of this policy was to reform the status of the Roma population by ordering them the forced sedentarization, the prohibition of their identity, e.g. their name, the use of their language and customs, doing their traditional professions and so on. As the result of such a policy, the Roma should have become the integrated part of the Habsburg society. Te similar enlightened policy toward the Roma was conducted by the other European rulers as well. Tis paper is based on the research of the archival fonds of the Croatian State Archives, as well as the analysis of the relevant literature

Roma, Croatia and Slavonia, Enlightenment, reforms, Maria Teresa, Joseph II

Povijest romske populacije na hrvatskom prostoru obilježila su razdoblja u kojima su se Romi suočili s utjecajem represivne i asimilacijske politike države i lokalnih vlasti. Obzirom da su donijeli brojne odredbe o položaju Roma, razdoblje vladavine Marije Terezije i Josipa II. obilježeno je upravo takvom politikom. Glavni cilj donesenih odredbi, kojom su Romi trebali postati integrirani dio društva unutar granica Habsburške Monarhije, bila je reformacija statusa romske populacije kroz provođenje prisilne sedentarizacije te zabranu isticanja i korištenja romskog identiteta, imena, jezika, običaja te obavljanja tradicionalnih zanimanja. Sličnu prosvijećenu politiku prema Romima provodili su i drugi europski vladari. Ovaj se rad temelji na istraživanju arhivskih fondova Hrvatskog državnog arhiva, kao i na analizi relevantne literature. Ključne riječi: Romi, Hrvatska i Slavonija, prosvjetiteljstvo, reforme, Marija Terezija, Josip II.