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THE INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON PROTEIN AND TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF WHEAT

Whole grains are rich sources of fiber, proteins, vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals (carotenoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, phenolic acid, phytic acid, phytosterols and flavonoids) that may contribute to its antioxidant capacity. Twelve wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) of the Agricultural Institute Osijek were grown during the season 2016/2017 at standard N fertilization (115 kg N/ha) and additional foliar fertilization with 15% urea. In whole grain protein content (P) was measured by NIT analyzer Infratec 1241, while total phenolic content (TPC) was determined with the Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent that in the reaction with phenols reduces to a blue coloured oxide. The intensity of the resulting colour was measured in a spectrophotometer at 765 nm. Protein content under additional N supply was increased on average by 25.28%, while TPC was decreased by 7.23%. The response of cultivars to additional N fertilization is specific, so the largest increase in P had cultivars Katarina, Renata and Galloper, while the largest decrease in TPC had cultivars El Nino, Silvija and Kraljica.

wheat, N fertilization, protein, total phenolic content

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