engleski

Salivary squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1 and 2 in oral cancer patients: a pilot study

According to the World Health Organization, oral cancer (OC) is the eighth most common cancer in the world, with a five-year survival rate of 50%. Squamous cell carcinoma antigens (SCCA) are part of the family of inhibitory serine protease inhibitors (serpins), involved in inflammation, apoptosis, cell migration and invasiveness and expressed in the squamous cell epithelium. SCCA2 protein is 92% homologous to SCCA1, however these antigens are not expressed concurrently and play different roles in the human body. Apart from inactivation of certain enzymes, their role in the healthy and malignant tissues is not clearly understood. The origin of SCCA antigens in serum and body fluids remains unclear. Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) was sampled from 10 patients with OC (2 female, 8 male) and 15 control subjects (6 female, 9 male). Only patients with histologically diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study. Sandwich human SCCA1 and SCCA2 ELISA Kits, My BioSource, San Diego, USA, were used. Respondents’ alcohol consumption, papilla bleeding index (PBI), smoking, drug consumption and medical condition was registered. This research was funded by the Croatian Science Foundation (IP-2014-3796). Salivary SCCA1 was significantly higher in OC patients, both in UWS and SWS (Mann Whitney U test, U = 14, P = 0.0004). Although no statistically significant difference in SCCA2 levels in UWS and SWS between the OC and control group was found (U = 43, P = 0.081), the average value in the control group was 895.92 pg/ml, while in OC patients 319, 45 pg/ml. Due to the small sample size, smoking, PBI, medical conditions, drug and alcohol consumption had no statistical significance. Salivary SCCA1 could serve as a satisfactory biomarker for OC. However, a greater sample is needed to establish the diagnostic value of the investigated biomarkers. To our knowledge, SCCA1 and SCCA2 have not yet been measured in the saliva of OC patients.

oral cancer ; SCCA 1 ; SCCA2

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