engleski

A unique sterile CMS-S type of onion cytoplasm identified in the Croatian clone of A. × cornutum Clementi ex Visiani, 1842

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a natural phenomenon in which plant does not produce functional anthers or pollen, but the female part of the flower is functional and can be fertilized by a foreign pollen. CMS is extremely suitable for breeding and hybrid seed production. Triploid onion, Allium × cornutum Clementi ex Visiani, 1842 (2n = 3x = 24) is an established minor garden crop with a complex genome structure with three parental species, A. cepa L., A. pskemense B.Fedtsch., and A. roylei Stearn. Two of its mostly studied clones are Croatian 'Ljutika' and the Indian 'Pran' which are shown to be genetically highly similar. A CMSS type of cytoplasm has been previously confirmed in 'Pran'. To investigate whether 'Ljutika' might also possesss the S- type of cytoplasm we analysed three chloroplast genes accD, atpF, petB and one mitochondrial gene cob in 'Ljutika' and its three parental species. PCR-RFLP analysis of the chloroplast genes accD, atpF, petB and the mitochondrial gene cob, as well as the sequence analysis of two cpDNA markers, matK gene and atpB-rbcL spacer regions, showed that 'Ljutika' possesses the male-sterile S-type of cytoplasm. The phylogenetic analysis of atpB-rbcL and matK sequences of 'Ljutika' and its parental species suggested that A. roylei could be a donor of S- cytoplasm and a female parent of A.× cornutum, 'Ljutika'.

Allium, Chloroplast DNA, Mitochondrial DNA, Cytoplasmic male-sterility, Ljutika

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