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Noblemen and Burgs in 19th-century Croatia: Historization, Aestheticization and Architectural Historicization

The romantic fascination with the Middle Ages developed by the 19th-century European intellectual elites, theretofore interested primarily into Ancient art and architecture, turned their attention to medieval architectural monuments. They became particularly interested in burgs and forts because these structures could be associated with historic events and personalities, who, at the time gradually started entering national narratives in Europe. Croatia closely followed these European trends. Ivan Kukuljević Sakcinski's mid-19th century work on the historization, documentation and monument protection in Croatia clearly indicates that burgs were his priority interest. The attempt to rescue the burg of Cetingrad in 1860s shows that the Croatian authorities quickly developed awareness about the importance of the protection of this part of heritage. Even the first ordinances on monument protection issued by the Croatian Provincial Government in 1895 were related to the conservation of burgs, while the attempt to tear down Frankopan’s burg in Kraljevica prompted Crown Prince and Archduke Franz Ferdinand to intervene, which consequently led to the foundation of the Provincial Committee for Monument Protection in Croatia and Slavonia in 1910. Lastly, the fascination with medieval forts led numerous European and Croatian aristocratic and bourgeois families to repair, aestheticize and historicize their own properties. Drašković's castle in Trakošćan, Prandau and Normann's in Valpovo, Cséh's in Erdut are merely a few of the burgs repaired or partially rebuilt in the 19th century. All this forms a context within which to examine the work of Laval Nugent (and partly his son Albert) in Trsat, Sušica, Dubovac, Bosiljevo and other places. He purchased the residences of the Frankopans, with whom he identified due to his wife's background, and had the buildings restored in the Gothic or Romanesque revival styles, attempting not only to save them from decay but also to bring back some of their old glory. He thereby created picturesque architectural complexes that are among the most significant early examples of revival styles in Croatian architecture.

Neo-gothic, Gothic Revivak, Neo-Romanesque, Romanesque Revival, Romanticism, Architecture, Frankopans, Laval Nugent, Mali Tabor, Trsat, Bosiljevo, Dubovac

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