engleski

Microwave synthesis of nicotinamide quaternary salts with substituted phenacyl bromides

Quaternary salts of heterocyclic amines like nicotinamide have a wide range of terapeutic effects, they have been used as antibacterial and anticarcinogenic agents. The conventional methods of quaternization reaction are mainly performed with a large excess of solvent, and they take a long time. Reaction of quaternization under microwave heating of nicotinamide with substituted phenacyl bromides in acetone are reported. The reaction time was shortened, a better yield of the product was obtained and the reaction was more efficient. The synthesis yield by microwave heating in acetone is compared to conventional heating. Since the reaction of formation of nicotinamide salts belongs to the reaction of nucleophilic substitution (SN2) the yield of the product is affected by the structure of boath reagents, nicotinamide and electrophiles. The influence of electrophile structure on the quaternization reaction yield was investigated. Electrophiles are phenacyl bromides with different electron withdrawing and electron donating substituents in para- and ortho - position.

quaternization, quaternary pyridinium salts, microwave synthesis, green chemistry

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