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Comparison of normal saline and balanced crystalloid intravenous therapy during neurosurgery

Normal saline or 0.9% NaCl solution is the most commonly used intravenous fluid worldwide and its composition are 154 mmol Na+ and 154 mmol Cl- per litter with osmolarity of 308 mOsmol/L. That composition is not “normal” because plasma contains sodium in range between 137-146 mmol/L, and chloride in range between 98-106 mmol/L, with plasma osmolality of 280- 295 mOsmol/kg. Recently published data suggested detrimental effects of chloride rich fluids on renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate, urine output and acute kidney injury. One alternative to saline solution is a buffered, balanced, crystalloid solution with an electrolyte composition similar to plasma and osmolarity between 286-295 mOsmol/L. Someone could indicate that such balanced solutions are not suitable for neurosurgical patients because of a possible impact on the brain oedema development.

Neurosurgery, normal saline fluid, balanced fluid

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