engleski

Key genitors of Croatian grapevine germplasm - ubiquitous but almost forgotten

Due to the significance of grapevine as a crop plant and a cultural heritage, it is very desirable to understand the genetic and hybridization events which led to today’s cultivars development and distribution. The knowledge about pedigree can reveal its geographical origin and genetic composition and help to establish and understand cultivars migration routes and historical importance. Based upon previous research, it was expected that genitors of the most Croatian varieties were traditional local varieties. To examine their origin, all presumable Croatian varieties preserved in national grape collections were subjected to parentage reconstruction via microsatellite markers. This was carried out using 20 SSR markers common to INRA’s Vassal collection, and further 14 tri- and tetra- nucleotide SSR markers which served as further confirmation set. In addition, to dissect maternal origin, chlorotypes were defined also via cpSSR markers. Unlike presumed, in many cases one of the parents was a foreign variety - that is a genotype that was not recorded in any of the Croatian grape collections. This refers the most to Bombino bianco, high- yielding variety from Italian region Apuglia which turned out to be the mother of several Dalmatian varieties. It is also the case for nowadays in situ rarely found cultivars like Blank blauer (syn. Vulpea) and Alba imputotato. The reconstructed kinship group of Gouais blanc, consisting of varieties grown in northwestern part of Croatia, but also in Primorje and Istria (coastal area) gives support to the alternative hypothesis about its Pannonian origin.

parentage, microsatellites, key genitors, Croatian varieties

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