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Glucosinolate profiling of Bunias erucago L., Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br. and Lepidium sativum L. (Brassicaceae)

Glucosinolates (GLs) are secondary metabolites present in 16 botanical families of the Capparales Order, among which the most important is Brassicaceae family, which includes well-known plants of everyday nutrition such as cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, broomsticks, radish, beets and others. Chemically these are β-thioglucoside-N-hydroxysulfates with a variable side chain mostly aliphatic, and arylaliphatic ones [1]. In this study, GLs were characterized by GC-MS analysis of their breakdown products in various parts of Bunias erucago L., Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br. and Lepidium sativum L., and quantified according to the ISO 9167-1 official method based on the HPLC analysis of desulfoglucosinolates [2]. Three GLs, namely glucoerucin (GER), gluconapin (GNA) and glucotropaeolin (GTL) were identified in B. erucago, one GL, glucoraphenin (GRE) in M. inacana, and one, GTL, in L. sativum. The total GL contents in B. erucago were 17.0, 11.8, and 9.0 μmol/g dry weight in root, flower, and leaf and stem, respectively, with GNA as the major GL detected in all parts, followed by GER and GTL. M. incana total GL content was represented by GRE having 11.3, 2.8, 2.4, 2.1, 0.8 μmol/g dry weight in seed, flower, siliquae, stem, and leaf, respectively, while GTL represented the total content of L. sativum seed having 18.7 μmol/g dry weight.

glucosinolates, isothiocyanates, GC-MS, HPLC

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