engleski

Loyalty and Power: retainers in the struggles of the oligarchs and the king in medieval Slavonia 1301-1342

This paper will analyze the power struggles between the oligarchs (Babonić and Kőszegi kindreds) and the king of Hungary-Croatia Charles I in medieval Slavonia by focusing on their retainers. It will be argued that the Babonići and the Kőszegis managed to create closed system of service, imposing themselves as the supreme lords for the local nobility, thus cutting off effective royal power from medieval Slavonia. This will be especially demonstrated by the phenomena of multi-generational service, where more than one generation of certain family served these oligarchs, or through example of those retainers that served two generations of oligarchs. On the other hand, I will follow the attempts of the king to untie this oligarchical knot, and bind the local nobility to the crown. This was done through the activities of two bans, Nicolas of Felsőlendva and Mikac from Ákos kindred, that Charles I installed. The methods, patronage and brokerage looming especially large, that they employed to attract local nobility to their side will be analyzed.

Slavonia, oligarchs, retainers, 14th century

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