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Cyanine-based molecular senzors in multifunctional recognition of biomacromolecules

Cyanine-based molecular sensors are shown to be extremely efficient in recognition of nucleic acids with ‘‘switch-on’’ fluorescence highly selective to differently structured double- stranded DNA/RNA often emitting negligible fluorescence in protein presence. The DNA/RNA recognition can be finely tuned by halogen- introduction on cyanine core yielding in probes sensitive to nucleic acid base-pair sequence efficiently reported by different fluorescence response and induced circular dichroism (CD) patterns. However, cyanine recognition properties can be additionally improved by coupling with another fluorophore such as pyrene, well-known protein probe. This combination yields multifunctional probes for an efficient fluorimetric check of DNA or protein presence in DNA/protein mixtures and enhanced CD sensing of different ds-DNA/RNA. The cyanine-pyrene FRET- pair is fluorescently silent in absence of biomolecular target but show significantly different FRET efficiency depending on the cyanine-pyrene linker connectivity and DNA/RNA/protein structure. Due to their low cytotoxicity and efficient cellular uptake, these probes are good candidates for biological studies.

molecular senzors ; DNA/RNA/protein recognition ; fluorescence ; FRET ; CD

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