engleski

Emerging zoonosis: one strategy, multiple host

Francisella tularensis is an intracellular pathogen and is the etiological agent of tularemia in humans and animals. The bacterium is transmitted from infected animals to humans by multiple routes and can cause disease of varying severities. Due to ease of transmission, low infectious dose and severity of infection, subsp. tularensis has been classified as Tier 1 select agent. It is known that Francisella uptake and replication occurs in a variety of cell types including phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells. However it is still unknown what type of host cells provide growth niches essential for virulence of this bacterium. It is still the mystery how bacterium could adapt and to so many different reservoirs (250) and niche, existing with rather small genome. Once inside different cells type the life cycle is unique comparing to other intracellular pathogen. Within the cell, the bacterium is circulating between the intracellular compartment ; the phagosome (FCP- Francisella containing phagosome), and the vacuole (FCV-Francisella containing vacuole. The incidence of tularemia in Europe and worldwide is increasing, while there is still no vaccine available to prevent this zoonotic disease. This overview will summarize the important aspects and different faces of tularemia in nature.

zoonosis, hosts, Francisella

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