engleski

Aberrant methylation and expression of glyco-genes in cancer

Changes in glycosylation patterns are often associated with malignant cell transformation and tumor progression. Data about epigenetic deregulation of protein glycosylation in cancer are accumulating. However, there is no comprehensive analysis of the impact of epigenetic changes of glyco-genes in cancer. We present an analysis of changes in DNA methylation level and expression level of glyco-genes in different cancer types based on the publicly available expression and methylation datasets. Our analysis revealed that GALNT9 (N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 9) and MGAT5B (Nacetlyglucosaminyltransferase 5) are the genes most frequently demethylated in different types of cancer. On the other hand, among genes with the highest difference in expression between normal and cancer tissue, there were several genes from the family of N- acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GALNT). We conducted a parallel expression and methylation analysis on several unrelated datasets representing hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, melanoma and cervical cancer. Intersection of genes with altered expression/methylation in different cancer types suggests that galactosylation is highly perturbed. Moreover, the GALNT6 gene appears to be among the top ranked genes on both lists (differential promoter methylation and expression), which suggest its regulation by CpG methylation. The pathways of sialylation, fucosylation and mannosylation were also found to be perturbed in cancer tissue. Some of the involved genes seem to be epigenetically regulated by methylation.

methylation, glyco-genes

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