engleski

Social Rights in the First Yugoslavia (1918-1941): Tradition, Model and Deviations

The paper aims at deeper understanding of the system of social rights in the First Yugoslavia in the period from 1918 until 1941. The research begins with elaboration of tradition of social rights on Yugoslavian territories before 1918. The basic presumption for this period is limited state intervention in the area of social rights, and argument that social rights were primarily connected with municipalities and other institutions, but not state. Further we elaborate significance of the first Constitution of the Monarchical Yugoslavia (1921) for establishment of system of social rights given by the state. Here, we argue that the Constitution was result of foreign influences, specifically the Weimar Constitution, and direct consequence of the Frist World War. Ten years later the king Alexander Karađorđević enacted the new Constitution of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1931). The Constitution was enacted in circumstances of the Great Depression. Economic decline directly affected regulation of social rights in a way that constitutional obligations of the state have been significantly reduced. Further analysis goes beyond constitutional norms and looks at legislative models established in the period from 1918 until 1941. Here, we make detail analysis of arrangements of social rights given by the state and look at effects of such arrangements on society. In addition, we search for deviations in the system of social rights, a certain discrepancy between constitutional norms and legal reality in which authorities in Belgrade favored certain groups of citizens in admission to social rights. Here one of conclusions is that the authorities understood social rights as a tool for maintaining of desirable political order while principles of equality and humanistic principles were sometimes overshadowed.

Social Rights, Kingdom of SCS, Kingdom of Yugoslavia

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