engleski

Membrane filtration-integrated bioreactors in wastewater treatment a way out from the dead-end street?

In the last time, in the communal waste water treatment circles, the followed question is frequent coming out: -did the classical way in this branch exhausted his possibilities. or. with other words. -has the classical activated sludge technology (primary clarifier aerated basins with "step before", cyclic or simultan denitrification, and secondary clarifier ) reached its maximum? There is a number of arguments for this questions! - Output concentrations of all compounds according to recent published new legislation's, becomes more eco-friendly, that mean, lower as before. Therefore, a tendency to build specifically greater and greater plants, or to hold up the sludge concentration is coming out. This is possible with enhancing of recirculated sludge quantity, and that leads to the growth off filamentous bacteria which settles slowly (or not!) - A "step before" denitrification, leads to necessaries for even bigger and bigger recirculating flows of purified water. The consequence is to achieve of 90% N reduction, the recirculated quantity should be ten times higher than the incoming water flow. In addition, concentrations of all compounds in so mixed waste water coming down, and therefore, a negative influence on degradation rates is observed. - The problem described above could be partially solved by cyclic or simultaneous nitrification/denitrification. In this case, there is a question how to coordinate different biological reaction rates (COD, BOD, N, P removal). - A classical settler as end-clarifier is unable to remove all of members of life community. especially enteric bacteria and hosts off viruses. Some of them are dangerous some originates from hospitals. If the water will be reused (i.e. natural swimming areas), the uncontrolled expansion of diseases and antibiotic resistant is possible. In this work will be reported on the possibilities of membrane microfiltration technology integrated in bioreactors, for solution of above described problems.

wastewater; cross-flow filtration; hollow-fibre filtration; membrane-integrated bioreactors

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