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Ion chromatography system for complete analysis of fresh water and wastewater

Ion chromatography (IC) is an established technique worldwide for monitoring water, including surface, ground, drinking, and wastewaters. To determine water purification system effectiveness, common inorganic anions, alkali and alkaline-earth cations, and transition and heavy metals are monitored and determined by IC. Incoming wastewater (influent) is monitored to assess the conditions of the feed water. Similarly, outgoing (effluent) wastewater is monitored prior to discharging into the water system to prevent any adverse environmental effects and comply with discharge permits. Calcium and magnesium are routinely measured to determine water hardness, an important parameter for corrosion control. Ammonia is a colorless, pungent gas. It is highly soluble in water in ionized form (the ammonium cation, NH4+). The extent of its toxicity to aquatic life depends upon the extent of dissociation, which in turn depends upon temperature and pH. Ammonia can enter environmental waters as a product of anaerobic decomposition of nitrogen-containing compounds or from waste streams containing ammonia. Inorganic anions, including fluoride, nitrite, and nitrate are considered as contaminants and are monitored in water. High levels of fluoride cause skeletal and dental fluorosis, and nitrite and nitrate can cause ethemoglobulinemia, which can be fatal to infants. Other common anions, such as chloride and sulfate, are considered as secondary contaminants. By IC, it is also possible to determine total phosphorus and total nitrogen (inorganic and organic phosphorous and nitrogen). For transition metals analysis, IC has several advantages including the ability to analyse oxidation state speciations (i.e. Fe2+/Fe3+, Cr3+/Cr6+, Sn2+/Sn4+, etc.) with the multi- element analysis in a single run. Contrary to the low concentration of metals, the relatively high concentrations of alkali and alkaline-earth metals in environmental samples represent a limitation in use of IC for direct metal analysis. In order to deal with this challenge, significant work has been done utilizing matrix elimination and/or pre-concentration in order to minimize interference and achieve lower detection limits. With simple adjustment to the Dionex Thermo Fisher Scientific IC system you can do complete water analysis. Main advantage of the Dionex Thermo Fisher Scientific IC system is modularity.

ion chromatography, anions, cations, transtion metals, 2D chromatography, IC-ICP-MS

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