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High hydrostatic presure extraction as an advanced technique for pectin isolation from tomato peel waste

Industrial processing of tomato generates significant amounts of waste, consisting mainly of tomato peels and seeds. The management of tomato by-products is considered an important problem faced by tomato processing companies due to its disposal to the environment. However, these by-products could be re-used as a sustainable source for re-processing of various functional constituents, such as pectin. Therefore, this investigation presents utilisation of tomato peel waste as an alternative source for pectin production. Instead commonly used refluxing extraction, in this work is used high hydrostatic pressure extraction as an advanced technique for pectin isolation. Extraction was carried out using nitric acid (0.1 M), at temperature of 80 °C and pressure of 300 MPa, during 10, 20, 30 and 45 min. For comparison purpose isolation of pectin is also done by refluxing (180 and 360 min) and ultrasonic bath extraction (45 min). Colour, humidity, content of total galacturonic acid (TGA), total sugars (TS) and total phenols (TP) was estimated, with purpose to determine the quality of pectin isolates. Structural characterisation of pectin samples was done by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. The obtained mass fractions of total galacturonic acid, total sugars and total phenols, determined by UV/Vis spectrophotometry revealed that pectins are contained not only TGA, important for evaluation of pectin purity, but also TS and TP. Therefore, the isolated pectins present mixture of three functional ingredients. In conclusion, the performed research showed that tomato peel, as low-cost biomasses derived from food canning industry can be efficiently utilised for sugars and phenols recovery, according to the new trends of circular economy development.

high hydrostatic pressure extraction ; FTIR and NMR spectroscopy ; pectin ; tomato peel waste ; total galacturonic acid ; total sugars

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