engleski

Acute stress disorder and peritraumatic dissociation as a predictor of posttraumatic stress disorder with regards to trauma type.

Contemporary models of trauma adjustment consider personal, social, and environmental factors and their relevance to risk or resilience for subsequent psychopathology. Research of acute stress disorder (ASD) and its implication for PTSD, has relied on dissociative symptoms, mostly peritraumatic dissociation, which were linked with more severe traumatic experiences and PTSD development. This study included 94 participants (59.6% female) diagnosed with ASD after a traumatic event (violent assault n=45, traffic accident n=43, other event n=6). The ASD Structured Interview was used to asses ASD (ASDI, Bryant et al, 2000), Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire (PDEQ, Marmar et al., 1997) to evaluate the dissociative experiences, and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Croatian version (MINI, Lecrubier et al, 1998) to assess other psychiatric disorders. Study was conducted within the first month and six month after the traumatic event. Six months after trauma 37.2% of participants were diagnosed with PTSD. PTSD was diagnosed more often among group with ASD following violent assault (53.3% with PTSD) then after traffic accident (18.6% with PTSD). Both peritraumatic experiences (t=3.57 ; p=.01) and severity of ASD reactions (t=2.79 ; p=.01) were higher in violent assault group. The results of logistical regression analysis (controlling for gender) confirm the predictive validity of peritraumatic experiences for PTSD 6 months after the event, regardless of the severity of ASD reactions (OR = 1.116, p=.01). Peritraumatic experiences were predictive for PTSD only in the traffic accident group (OR=1.163, p=.01). Results show peritraumatic experiences to be more prominent after violent assault, and type of trauma (interpersonal violence) to be more predictive for PTSD development. Finding that with ASD following traffic accidents peritraumatic experiences are predictive for developing PTSD renders further research.

acute stress disorder, peritraumatic dissociation, posttraumatic stress disorder, trauma

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