engleski

Theoretical Analysis of Integration Processes int he World and Europe

Growing and more sophisticated division of labour in national economies of developed countries has greatly conditioned and stimulated faster development both on the level of global division of labour and on the level of exchange of goods and services, capital, and knowledge among economic entities from different, often very distant countries. In this regard, the main hypothesis is set ; that numerous economic integrations emerge in the world as a cohesion factor of these and similar relationships as an organised form of economic and political union based on common objectives and means for their realisation. They are an integral part of the process of institutionalisation of the world economy. PH1: European integration processes which have reached the most developed global level went through many stages and had different forms: customs unions, associations, communities, all the way to union. PH2: Integration processes in Europe and in other parts of the world are accompanied with various theoretical analyses and concepts which have their starting point and expression in the very concept of integration. PH3: In the course of history, Europe has always had the leading role in various integration trends, and therefore, the most successful integration, the European Union, with all its development phases, presently serves as an example that a multinational and, even more importantly, successful economic and political integration can function in the contemporary world. The purpose of this paper is to prove relevance of the integration process and integrations themselves as well as causes and conditions under which they unfolded, and the consequences they resulted in. They gained new importance, especially in the second half of the 20th century, and they are directly linked with scientific, technical, technological, and other achievements which are called scientific and technological and/or information and communication revolution. The result thereof is increasing globalisation and internationalisation of production, transport, market, etc. Results and conclusions of the paper are described in the overall analysis of integration processes which have an impact on today’s economic situation. However, the idea of europeanisation, everyday needs and positive experiences were a strong foundation for integrative subjective forces to get out of the crisis and move on, although with a certain temporal lag in relation to the expectations. With this in mind, the main problems in the creation of the European integration emerged in relation to the issue of national, i.e. state sovereignty. There was a relatively quick insight that integration, i.e. certain stages of the integration process, and especially its objectives, cannot be achieved without transfer of a share of one’s own sovereignty to organs of integrated community. Disputes arose either entirely or partly around this issue. Representatives of certain integrating countries had difficulties accepting these requirements, especially in terms of monetary sovereignty, and the condition to accept the EU conclusions, i.e. their obligation to its Member States

integrations, the need to integrate, integration processes, theory of integration, European Union.

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