engleski

Negative effects of iron chlorosis

Three different experiments were conducted to determine the distribution and causes of iron chlorosis at Strategy I (grape vine) and Strategy II plant (maize). In first experiment, during 2007 field research on maize covered 132 sites. Chlorosis was quantified by visual ratings and chlorophyll meter readings. From the chlorophyll meter data collection the relative chlorosis (Kl_rel) were calculated and mapped. Relative chlorosis has averaged 41.42% and increased with increasing pH value of the soil. Second experiment included vegetation pots trial in greenhouse. Maize hybrid OsSK 617 was sown in pots filled by regosoil, with two levels of field water capacity. Iron chlorosis was determined by chlorophyll meter readings, leaf chlorophyll concentration and leaf total Fe. Higher relative chlorosis (43.88%) was recorded in maize grown in wet condition as result of reduced synthesis of chloroplast pigments. Highly significant negative correlation was found between the relative chlorosis and total concentration of chloroplast pigments. The difference in the concentration of iron in the shoots of maize in dry and wet conditions was not statistically justified. Third research was conducted during 2009 on grape vine included field measurements of the intensity of chlorosis and laboratory analysis of soil and plant material. On soils with a high pH values and HCO3-, chlorosis was detected frequently, which is a common phenomenon that occurs as iron deficiency. The average value of the relative chlorosis was 36.45%. The concentration of iron in the leaves and petioles of grape vines was not significantly correlated with the relative chlorosis, which can be result of physiological inactivation of iron.

maize ; grape vine ; iron chlorosis ; chlorophyllmeter

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