engleski

Cardiovascular risks during physical exercise

Complications during or after exercise occur both in person suffering from heart disease and in those who are free from disease. (Futterman and Myerburg 1998 ; Duraković et al., 19999 ; Maron et al., 1996.) The aim of this study was to ivestigate the cases of sudden unexpected death during physical exercise, with special attention to physicians. We analysed the records of 16 males who died suddenly during or immediately after physical exercise over the period 1984 and 2001 in Croatia. the results revealed taht 12 of them were engaged in recreational phxsical activity and were between 15 and 67 years of age. Three were physicians, aged 37-67 yr, four were athletes aged 17-29 yr. In the athlete group, one athlete aged 21 had myocardial infarction with no signs of coronary heart disease (dispropportion between needs and necessity for oxygen supply could be the possible reason for that event). Another athlete, aged 29 had signs of pathological hypertrophy of the athlete, aged 29 had signs of excessive left ventricular hypertrophy, and in front athlete, aged 17, the right coronary artery was hypoplastic and he had narrowing of the ascending aorta and sib-acute myocarditis. Coronary heart disease was diagnosed in 11 of 16 cases ehere the individuals were engaged in physical activity, and in 4 cases acute myocardial infarctions were recorded. Three were physicians, and all had coronary heart disease, one physician aged 34 yr was markedly stenotic, and in the other two physicians, aged 50 and 67 yr, the left anterior descending coronary artery was completely occluded. In 12 of the males who died during recreational exercise acute myocardial infarctions were recorded. In 12 of 16 cases, the ventricular wall was thickened: 14-25 mm suggesting hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. It can be concluded that 13 of 16 males, who died suddenly during physical exercise, including 3 physicians, did not have any previous symptoms of heart disease. The most frequent cause of sudden death was coronary heart disease (11 cases) including the 3 physicians ; acute myocardial infarction was recorded in 4 other cases (none of them were physicians), and myocarditis (sub-acute in one and chronic in another). In 11 of these cases, the reason for the fatal event was probably malignant ventricular arrythmia, including the three physicians. Coronary heart disease was not found in the 4 athletes. In 3 out of 4 athletes and in 9 out of 12 non-athletic males involved in recreational exercise, hypertrophic cardiomaopathy have been found.

physical exercise ; cardiovascular disease ; cardiovascular risks

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